Road to Revolution REVIEW Flashcards
The Mayflower Compact
- document that establishes government, signed by Pilgrims
- says they are going to pick their own leaders(the people)
The Virginia House of Burgesses
- assembly of representatives elected by the colonies inhabitants
- self-government run by people despite monarchy
Jamestown
- 144 Englishmen establish the 1st English settlement
Mercantilism
- economic system of trade in which the mother country wealth is accumulated by exporting more than importing.
- the countries need to sell more than they buy
Salutary Neglect
- the crown avoided strict enforcement of laws as long as colonies were loyal to the crown
- contributed to the economic growth
Causes & Outcomes of the French & Indian War
French/Natives vs. British
Known as 7 years war
Causes
- Both sides wanted control of the Ohio River Valley for its rich fur trade and connection to Mississi. river
Outcomes
- British defeat the French(Treaty of Paris)
- British gains Canada
- Pontiacs Rebellion
Proclamation of 1763
- Great Britain makes this to forbid colonists to move West of the Appalachian Mountains
- British wanted to prevent further fighting with Native Americans
- enrages colonists who wanted access to the land
Albany Plan of Union
- proposal that the colonies unite to form a federal government
- they rejected the plan as they believed it went against the colonists
- showed that the colonists were loyal and respected British authority
- showed many colonial leaders thought of joining together to form a common defense
The Sugar Act
- meant to regulate trade
lowered tariffs on French molasses - stopped smuggling
- toughened enforcement policies
- British naval crew could act as impromptu customs officers seizure of goods without due process
Due Process
fair treatment through a normal judicial system, especially as a citizen’s entitlement
The Stamp Act
- Source of revenue rather than trade regulation
- Taxed on ALL printed materials.(stamp on everything)
- Ex. Playing cards.
First DIRECT tax on colonists.
The Virginia Resolves
- Virginia House of Burgesses member Patrick Henry presents Stamp Act Resolutions
- right to self-taxation
- Virginia assembly alone has power to tax Virginia
- the Virginia House of Burgesses wrote the resolves
Sons of Liberty
- Protested and held demonstrations.
- Led by Sam Adams and John Hancock.
- Intimidated the tax collectors.
- Colonists boycott British goods.
- Tarred and Feathered people.
Boycotts
collective and group disagreements applied in labor, economic, political, or social relations to protest practices that are regarded as unfair.
The Townshend Duties
Townshend Act
- new taxes on imports (glass, paper, and tea)
- Funds to help pay Royal Govt. salary
- Violators were tried without juries (goes against English Bill of Rights)
Declaratory Act
- affirms Parliaments power to make colonel law
- lets them repeal stamp act
- make Parliament choose all of the decisions, so no more people
Writs of Assistance
a search warrant enabling customs officers to enter any location to look for evidence of smuggling.
Non-Importation Agreements
- boycott of British goods
- 200 signed
- without goods, it created demand for homemade items(loom)
Daughters of Liberty
- allows women to take on political activity
- spinning contests
- imports fall by 40%
- traditional women work with political purpose
The Boston Massacre
The Gaspee Affair
- British Royal ship The Gaspee would board other ships without a warrant and seize goods without evidence.
-1772 the Gaspee runs aground. - Colonists seize the ship and burn it.
- British made arrests and send suspects to Britain for trial (angered the colonists because it violated their right to a trial by a jury of one’s peers)
Committees of Correspondence
Plans to stop shipment of tea to Boston during the tea act
The Tea Act
- lowers prices of British Tea to fight against cheaper smuggled tea
- colonists refuse to buy cheaper tea believing that it would recognize Parliaments right to tax the colonies
The Boston Tea Party
- members of the Sons of Liberty board 3 East India Company Ships and dump tea into Boston Harbor
- 300-400 chests of tea destroyed
- No damages to ship/crew
- Hundreds took part in the Boston Tea party and was witnessed by thousands
- nobody stopped this cause they agreed with it.
