Road to pance 1 Flashcards
Brown-sequard syndrome
patients have proprioception and vibratory sensory loss on the ipsilateral side of the injury as well as loss of motor function on the same side. The contralateral side loses pain and temperature sensation
Anterior cord syndrome
patients lose motor function and have decreased pain and temperature distal to the lesion
Hyperflexion injury
Anterior cord syndrome
Hyperextension injuries
Central cord syndrome
Bulbocarvenous reflex
Place one finger in rectum and squeeze the glans penis or clitoris
End of spinal shock
Bulbocarvenous reflex
Vitamin B3
Niacin
Pellagra
Dementia, dermatitis and diarrhea
Rovsing sign is most suggestive of…
Appendicitis
Most common cause of hypomagnesia
Malnutrition
Mullerian dysgenesis
Uterine abnormality in which there is a congenital absence of the uterus and vaginal 2/3, 46,XX
Expected laboratory in primary ovarian failure
Increase FSH &LH, decrease estradiol
Condylomata lata
Caused by secondary syphilis infection
Dome shaped papules with Central indentation, & umbilication
Molluscum contagiosum
Doesn’t occur on soles & palms
Molluscum contagiosum
Side effect of estrogen therapy in osteoporosis
Risk of breast and endometrial cancer
Provide beneficial effects of estrogens without the adverse effects
Raloxifene (SERM)
Basophilic stippling
present with the aggregation of residual ribosomes and represents toxic injury to the bone marrow as in lead poisoning or megaloblastic anemia
Bur cell
echinocytes, occurs when a red blood cell has an abnormal cell membrane with tentacle-like projections as caused by uremia
Heinz bodies
denatured globin chains of red blood cells and are representative of G6PD deficiency or congenital hemolytic anemia
hemoglobin is a powerful modulator of the symptoms of sickle cell anemia
Fetal hemoglobin (hemoglobin F).
Howell Jolly bodies
RBC present on peripheral blood smear when there is a malfunction of the spleen as seen in sickle cell anemia
The midsystolic click is moved earlier in systole by ___maneuvers that decrease preload
vasalva and standing
Maneuvers that increase preload
suqating and handgrip
increases the intensity of right heart murmurs but has no effect on the onset of the click in MVP.
iinspiration
minor tearing of ligamentous fibers with mild hemorrhage and swelling
first degree sprain
minor tearing of the musculotendinous unit, characterized by swelling, local tenderness, and minor loss of function
first degree sprain
fibers are torn but without complete disruption. There is also greater swelling, ecchymosis, and loss of strength.
second degree sprain
The causative organism is spread via the fecal-oral route
Coxsackie A
cause rectal bleeding, but it is typically painless. Moreover, it is not associated with rash. US: blood above the bladder
Meckels diverticulum
occurs with the use of certain anesthetic agents (halothane and succinylcholine) and manifests as severe muscle rigidity and hyperthermia
Malignant hyperthermia
life-threatening condition characterized by muscle rigidity, autonomic instability, altered mental status, and hyperthermia that occurs soon after initiation or dose adjustment of a dopaminergic or antipsychotic drug
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
drug-food interaction that occurs when a patient taking an MAOI inhibitor ingests a tyramine containing food
tyramine reaction
most common cardiac manifestation of Lyme disease
First degree AV block
