RNA Translation & Protein Targeting Flashcards
What synthesises proteins from RNA
Ribosomes synthesise proteins from RNA
Define ribosome
What is always the start codon of a sequence (for DNA vs RNA)
ATG= start codon for DNA
AUG = start codon for RNA
What are the 3 stop codons for DNA vs RNA
DNA= TAA, TGA, TAG stop codons
RNA= TAA, UGA, UAG stop codons
What is messenger RNA (mRNA)
What is Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
What is Transfer RNA (tRNA)
What type of RNA helps catalyst formation of peptide bonds between amino acids
Ribosomal RNA
Where is rRNA found
rRNA is found in ribosomes
What happens at the A site (aminoacyl-tRNA binding site ) on the ribosome
At the A site, tRNA attached to amino acid
What happens at the P site (Peptidyl-tRNA binding site) on the ribosome
At the p site peptide bonds are formed
What happens at the E site (Exit site) on a ribosome
At the E site, tRNA will leave (exit) ribosome so it can be used again
Functions of tRNA
Acts to translate between RNA and amino acid
1 end of the tRNA is attached in to a specific amino acid. What enzyme is this attachment catalysed by?
1 end of tRNA is attached to specific amino acid. This attachment is catalysed by AMINOACYL tRNA SYNTHASE
Function of aminoacyl RNA transfer synthase
ERROR CHECKING
= corrects its own errors, adds correct aa onto the tRNA
I.e. incorrect aa removed by hydrolysis as enzyme can proof read incorrect aa’s