RNA Processing

Question 1

RNA processing is important for

Answer 1

stability of the molecule: protection
Transport-

Question 2

noncoding regions are important for

Answer 2

stability and regulation

Question 3

coding regions contain the sequence to be

Answer 3

translated into amino acids, building a protein

Question 4

5’ cap added during processing of

Answer 4

eukaryotic mRNA is the site of recognition for ribosomes during translation

Question 5

In prokaryotes, the ____ marks the ribosome binding site

Answer 5

Shine-Dalgarno sequence

Question 6

5’ cap is formed by the addition of an extra ____ that is methylated at the 5’’ end of mRNa

Answer 6

guanine nucleotide

Question 7

addition of the cap takes place

Answer 7

rapidly after the initiation of transcription

Question 8

Methylguanosine is added to the 5’ end in a 5’-5’ linkage marking the

Answer 8

true 5’ end of the RNA

Question 9

is additional methylations of the 1st 2 nucleotides in RNA possible?

Answer 9

yes

Question 10

Enzyme which adds the 5’ cap are associated with RNa pol II, linking capping with

Answer 10

RNA polymerization

Question 11

many eukaryotic genes contain RNA coding regions called ____ and intervening non-coding regions called___.

Answer 11

Exons
Introns

Question 12

Both exons and introns are transcribed, then additional processing is needed to remove the ____.

Answer 12

introns (splicing)

Question 13

There are different types of splicing which can occur, but the result is the ____

Answer 13

removal of introns, and exons are sealed back together

Question 14

Self-splicing

Answer 14

not mediated by spliceosome

Question 15

The sequence separating introns from exons is a conserved

Answer 15

consensus sequence

Question 16

adenine nucleotide in a conserved location is necessary for ____ callled the ___.

Answer 16

splicing to occur
Branch point

Question 17

Spliceosome

Answer 17

small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particles (snRNPs) made up of small nuclear RNA (snRNA) and protein

Question 18

Splicing mechanism:

initial cut in RNA at the 5’ splice site is mediated by the ____.

The 2nd cut is mediated by the ___ remaining from the initial cut

Answer 18

branch point adenine

free 3’OH of the 5’ splice site

Question 19

a single pre-mRNA can be processed in different ways to produce alternative mRNAs:

Answer 19

Alternative splicing

Question 20

Alternative splicing can result from:

Answer 20

inclusion/exclusion of different exon combinations

Alternative poly(A) sites or 3’ cleavage sites

Question 21

Alternative splicing allows for the # of proteins to be

Answer 21

larger than the # of genes