RNA Antivirals

Question 1

What is the mechanism of action and use of oseltamivir?

Answer 1

neuraminidase inhibitor that prevents viral release from host cell
- used for treatment of Influenza A and B for prophylaxis or within 48 hrs of onset of symptoms to decrease duration and transmissibility

Question 2

What is the mechanism of actions of zidovudine and lamivudine?

Answer 2

nucleoside reverse transciptase inhibitors

Question 3

What is the mechanism of efavirenz?

Answer 3

non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (works at site distinctly separate from NRTIs)

Question 4

What is the mechanism and use of amprenivir and ritonavir?

Answer 4

• protease inhibitors used for HIV

Question 5

What is the mechanism and use of bocepravir and telepravir?

Answer 5

• protease inhibitors used for HCV

Question 6

What is the mechanism and use of enfuvirtide and maraviroc?

Answer 6

fusion inhibitor (HIV-1 can't fuse with CD4+ cells because of binding to gp41)
- used for resistant stains of HIV

Question 7

What is the mechanism and use of raltegravir?

Answer 7

integrase inhibitor, used in HIV

Question 8

What are the major side effects of protease inhibitors (amprenivir, ritonavir, bocepravir, telepravir)?

Answer 8

• lipodystrophy syndrome: hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia and fat distribution

Question 9

What is the most aggressive combination of classes of antiviral therapy?

Answer 9

two NRTIs, a NNRTI, and a protease inhibitor (ex. HAART)

- maximizes synergy, slows development of resistance