RIZAL Flashcards
saw a Philippines rife with challenges and problems. With a country torn and tired from the stresses of World War II, getting up on their feet was a paramount concern of the people and the government.
Post-War period
the passage of the Republic Act No. 1425 or the Rizal Law
a need for re-dedication to the ideals of freedom and nationalism for which our heroes lived and died
The _________ of the law was met with fierce opposition in both the Senate and the House of Representatives.
passage
Senate Bill No.438 was filed by the Senate Committee on Education.
April 3, 1956
then Senate Committee on Education Chair Jose P. Laurel sponsored the bill and began delivering speeches for the proposed legislation.
April 17, 1956
its main author, Claro M. Recto, and his allies in the Senate entered into a fierce battle arguing for the passage of SB 438. Debates started on ___________
April 23, 1956.
The debates on the Rizal Bill also ensured in the House of Representatives. House Bill No.5561, an identical version of SB 438, was filed by Representative Jacobo Z. Gonzales on ______________
April 19, 1956
The House Committee on Education approved the bill without amendments on __________
May 2, 1956
and the debates commenced on ____________
May 9, 1956
identical version of SB 438
HB No. 5561
Senator Jose P. Laurel proposed amendments to the bill on __________
May 9, 1956
similar amendments were adopted to the House version
May 14, 1956
__________ the Senate and House versions were approved.
May 17, 1956,
The approved versions were then transmitted to _____________
_________, President Magsaysay signed the bill into law which became Republic Act No. 1425.
June 12, 1956,
In ______,President Fidel V. Ramos ordered the Department of Education, Culture and Sports to fully implement the law as there had been reports that it has still not been fully implemented.
1944
Published in the Official Gazette, Vol. 52, No. 6, p. 2971 in __________
June 1956
One of the important legislations to boost Filipino nationalism is the __________
Rizal Law
clearly states that the study of Jose Rizal’s Life Works and Writings must be taught in all public and private Schools, Colleges and Universities;
R.A. 1425
the modern Filipinos who are popularly called “___________”
millenials
is also known in New Spain as “La Nao de la China” (The China Ship) because it carried largely Chinese goods, shipped from Manila.
Galleon Trade (Kalakalang Galyon)
When the Spaniards came to the Philippines, our ancestor were always trading with
China, Japan, Siam, India, Cambodia, Borneo and the Mollucas
________ became the center of commerce in the East.
Manila
better known as the “Galleon Trade” was born.
Manila-Acapulco Trade
The _________ was a government monopoly.
Galleon Trade
Two Galleon Trade
From Acalpuco to Manila
From Manila to Acalpuco
The Spanish trading ships which for two and a half centuries linked the Philippines with Mexico across the Pacific Ocean lasted from _____ to ______
1565 to 1815
in 1869 relatively became an easy passage between Spain and the Philippines for Spanish trading.
Opening of Suez Canal
The __________ connecting the Mediterranean and the Red seas is inaugurated in an elaborate ceremony attended by French Empress Eugenie, wife of Napoleon III.
Suez Canal
In 1854,_______________, the former French consul to Cairo, secured an agreement with the Ottoman governor of Egypt to build a canal 100 miles across the Isthmus of Suez.
Ferdinand de Lesseps
An ________________ drew up a construction plan,
international team of engineers
______ the Suez Canal for 99 years after completion of the work
1856
Construction began in _______
April 1959
at first digging was done by_____with ______ and shovels wielded by ______________
hands, picks, forced laborers
slowed construction and the Suez Canal was not completed until 1869-four years behind schedule.
Labor disputes and cholera epidemic
On ____________, the Suez Canal was opened to a canal across the Isthmus of Panama.
November 17, 1869
fewer than ________ navigated it in its first full year of operation.
500 ships
In ______ the crown abolished the Royal Company of the Philippines and formally recognized free trade, opening the port of Manila to unrestricted foreign commerce.
1834
Spanish opened new ports to foreign trade : Panay, Zamboanga, Cebu, and Legaspi
1855-1873
Spanish opened new ports to foreign trade : Panay, Zamboanga, Cebu, and Legaspi
1855-1873
The growing prominence of steam over sail navigation and the opening of the Suez Canal in 1869 contributed to __________________
spectacular increases in the volume of trade.
By the late nineteenth century, three crops _______, ________, ________ dominated Philippine exports.
tobacco, abaca, and sugar
The government monopoly on tobacco had been abolished in _____, but Philippine cigars maintained their high reputation, popular throughout Victorian parlors in Britain, the European continent, and North America.
1880
tobacco dominated the industry
1880
best material for ropes and cordage
abaca
sugar became the island’s most important export
1850
encouragement of the British vice consul in that town, Nicholas Loney led to the development of the previously unsettled island of Negros as the center of the Philippine sugar industry, exporting its product to Britain and Australia.
1855
Spanish governor general Jose V. Basco established the tobacco monopoly as his economic program
March 1, 1782
The provinces of ___________, ___________, ___________ and ___________ were ordered to plant tobacco.
Cagayan Valley, Ilocos Provinces, Nueva Ecija, and Marinduque
rapid spread of education upon the return of the Jesuits to take charge in the evangelization of Mindanao.
Municipal Primary School
1861
Escuela Municipal
1859
Ateneo Municipal de Manila, now Ateneo de Manila University and opened it to the Filipino students as well as the Spaniards for whom it had been founded and transformed into a secondary school and more approximated today’s college than high school
1865
Rizal studied at _________________ when this school was located at Intramuros, Manila
Ateneo Municipal
Filosopo Tasio
Rizal’s father, Francisco
Escuela Normal Superior de Maestros (Superior Normal School)
1865
Free access to modern public education by all Filipinos
Education Decree of December 20, 1863 by Queen Isabella II-
Primary instruction was made free and the teaching of __________ was compulsory
Spanish
establishment of at least two free primary schools, _______________, in each town under the responsibility of the municipal government
one for boys and another for girls
creation of _____________________________, supervised by the Jesuits
a free public normal school to train men as teachers
free public secondary schools opened outside of Manila and 10 normal schools for women.
1890
The sectors that greatly benefited from the changing economy were the __________ and _____________
Chinese and the Chinese mestizos
Integrated into colonial society, giving rise to Intermarriages with indios that gave birth to _______________
Chinese mestizos
The Chinese mestizos assumed an important role in the economy all throughout the Spanish colonial period. They influenced the changing economy in the nineteenth century by __________,__________ and ___________
purchasing land, accumulating wealth and influence
New economy demanded _________________ to address the rising need for more professionalized workplace
a more literate population
New economy demanded _________________ to address the rising need for more professionalized workplace
a more literate population
mandated free primary education
Education Decree in 1863
_____________ implied issues in living quarters, sanitation and public health, and increase in criminality
Overcrowding
that urged the people in the colony to adopt surnames
1849 decree of Governor-General Narciso Claveria
Pure-blooded Spaniard born in the Iberian Peninsula (i.e., Spain)
Peninsular
Pure-blooded Spaniard born in the Philippines
Insular
Born of mixed parentage
Mestizo
one parent is Spanish, the other is a native
Spanish Mestizo
one parent is Chinese, the other is a native
Chinese Mestizo
Wealthy pure-blooded native supposedly descended from the kadatoan class
Principalia
Pure-blooded native of the Philippines
Indio
Non-Catholic pure-blooded Chinese
Chino Infiel
The appointment of positions is obtained by the highest bidder which is the _____________________
Governor-general of the country.
The term of office which is the length of time a person (usually a politician) serves in a particular office which 26 is dependent on the desire of the ______________
King of Spain.
There were inadequate administrative supervisions, they were unable to face and” solve the problems regarding the Philippines. There were also overlapping of powers and privileges of officials which made them competitive.
Personal interest is over the welfare of the State.
They were corrupt during the 19th century and the _____________ is considered as the most corrupt over the other corrupts.
Alcaldias/Alcalde
There were also monopoly trades or business practices known as _________________
indulto para comerciar
liberty and equality
Liberalism
The idea of liberty also meant to specific individual freedoms:
freedom of the press; freedom of speech, freedom of assembly; and freedom from arbitrary arrest
___________ became a way of life in many European countries
Democracy
___________ became a way of life in many European countries
Democracy
were a set of economic and political legislation promulgated by the Spanish Crown under various kings of the House of Bourbon, mainly in the 18th century
The Bourbon Reforms (Castilian: Reformas Borbonicas)
ecclesiastical privilege
fuero eclesiastico
were intended to limit the power of Creoles and re-establish Spanish supremacy over the colonies such as the Philippines.
Bourbon Reforms
A Spanish constitution adopted by the constituent Cortes in Cadiz on ____________
Mar. 18, 1812
Spanish constitution made public on __________
March 19, 1812,
___________ resides in the nation, which retains the exclusive right to establish its own fundamental laws
sovereignty
Spain was proclaimed a ___________
hereditary monarchy
declared __________ the official religion of Spain and prohibited the practice of any other religion
Catholicism
On his return to Spain, ____________ revoked the constitution on May 4, 1814
King Ferdinand VII
restored at the outbreak of Spanish Revolution
1820-1823
proclaimed by Riego y Nunez
January 1, 1820
proclaimed by Riego y Nunez
January 1, 1820
abolished by Ferdinand VII
October 1, 1823 –
constitution went into effect by the demand of the masses
August 12, 1836
Full Name of Jose Rizal
José Protasio Rizal Mercado y Alonso Realonda
Rizal birth date and birth place
June 19, 1861 in Calamba, Laguna
He was a patriot, physician, and a man of letters who was an inspiration to the Philippine Nationalist Movement.
Jose P. Rizal
He was a son of a prosperous land owner and was educated in Manila and at the University of Madrid in Spain. He was a brilliant medical student and committed himself to the reform of Spanish rule in his home country.
Jose P. Rizal
completed his _______________ in Spain and was conferred the degree of ____________ by the ____________________
medical course, Licentiate in Medicine, Universidad Central de Madrid
from Gervacio P. which come from a Christian calendar
Protacio
from the word ‘Ricial’ in Spanish means a field where wheat, cut while still Green, sprouts again
Rizal
adopted in 1731 by Domigo Lamco (the paternal great-great Grandfather of Jose Rizal) which the Spanish term mercado means ‘market’ in English
Mercado
old surname of his mother
Y- and Alonso
it was used by Doña Teodora from the surname of her godmother based on the culture by that time.
Realonda
The _______ are considered one of the biggest families during their time
Rizal’s
the family’s paternal ascendant was a full-blooded Chinese who came to the Philippines from Amoy, China
Domingo Lam-co
Jose Rizal came from a _________ consisting of his parents
13-member family
Studied in San Jose College, Manila; and died in Manila. Born in Biñan, Laguna on May 11, 1818. Studied Latin and Philosophy at the College of San Jose in Manila. Became a tenant-farmer of the Dominican-owned hacienda. A hardy and independent-minded man, who talked less and worked more, and was strong in body and valiant in spirit Died in Manila on January 5, 1898 at the age of 80. Rizal affectionately called him “a model of fathers”
Francisco Mercado
Rizal affectionately call his father __________
“a model of fathers”
was the second child of Lorenzo Alonso and Brijida de Quintos. She studied at the Colegio de Santa Rosa. She was a business-minded woman, courteous, religious, hard-working and well-read. She was born in Santa Cruz, Manila on November 14, 1827 and died in 1911 in Manila.
Teodora Alonso (1827-1911)
was the eldest sister of Philippine national hero José Rizal. She was married to Manuel T. Hidalgo, a native and one of the richest persons in Tanauan, Batangas. She was known as Neneng.
SATURNINA RIZAL-HIDALGO (1850-1913)
Only brother of Jose Rizal and the second child. Studied at San Jose College in Manila; became a farmer and later a general of the Philippine Revolution. Immortalized him in Rizal’s first novel Noli Me Tangere as the wise Pilosopo Tasio Rizal regarded him as the “most noble of Filipinos” became a combat general in the Philippine Revolution died on April 13, 1930, an old bachelor aged 79 dad two children by his mistress (Severina Decena)—a boy and a girl
PACIANO MERCADO RIZAL (1851-1930)
‘Sisa’ was the third child in the family, a teacher and musician. Like Saturnina, Narcisa helped in financing Rizal’s studies in Europe, even pawning her jewelry and peddling her clothes if needed. It is said she could recite from memory almost all of the poems of the national hero.
NARCISA RIZAL-LOPEZ (1852-1939)
The fourth child. Married Silvestre Ubaldo; a telegraph operator from Manila died in 1887 from childbirth.
OLYMPIA RIZAL-UBALDO (1855-1887)
Fifth child. Was married to Mariano Herbosa of Calamba. When her husband died in the cholera epidemic in 1889, he was denied a Christian burial because he was the brother-in-law of Dr. Jose Rizal. She sent her two sons, Estanislao and Teodisio to be educated in the school Jose Rizal established in Dapita during his exile
LUCIA RIZAL-HERBOZA (1857-1919)
The sixth child in the family. It was to her whom Jose talked about wanting to marry Josephine Bracken when most of the Rizal family was apparently not amenable to the idea. Jose had also brought up to Maria his plan of establishing a Filipino colony in North British Borneo. Wife of Daniel Faustino Cruz.
MARIA RIZAL-CRUZ (1859-1945)
A Filipino nationalist and polymath during the tail end of the Spanish colonial period of the Philippines. He is tagged as the national hero of the Filipino people. The second son and the seventh child. He was executed by the Spaniards on December 30, 1896.
JOSÉ RIZAL (1861- 1896)
Also called ‘Concha’ by her siblings, was the eight child of the Rizal family. She died at the age of three. Of his sisters, it is said that Pepe loved most the little Concha who was a year younger than him. When Concha died of sickness in 1865, Jose mournfully wept at losing her. He later 41 wrote in his memoir, “When I was four years old, I lost my little sister Concha, and then for the first time I shed tears caused by love and grief.”
CONCEPCION RIZAL (1862-1865)
Also called Panggoy, was the ninth child in the family who died a spinster. In Jose Rizal’s letter to his sister, Jose praised her for nearly mastering the English language. Jose also wrote about the 20 pesos he sent, the 10 pesos of the amount was supposed for a lottery ticket. This indicates that Jose did not stop ‘investing’ in lottery tickets despite winning 6, 200 pesos in September the previous year. After Jose’s death, the epileptic Josefa joined the Katipunan.
JOSEFA RIZAL (1865-1945)
Also called ‘Trining’, was the tenth child and the custodian of Rizal’s last and greatest poem, “Mi Ultimo Adios.”
TRINIDAD RIZAL (1868-1952)
Youngest of Jose Rizal’s sisters, was educated as a teacher. His letters scolded her for marrying without the blessing of their parents. Wife of Pantaleon Quintero.
SOLEDAD RIZAL-QUINTERO (1870-1929)
Rizal’s first teacher
His mother
Rizal’s first teacher
His mother
Rizal had his early education in _________ and ________
Calamba and Biñan
As Jose grew older, his parents employed private tutors to give him lessons at home. The first was ___________ and the second, ____________
Maestro Celestino, Maestro Lucas Padua
a former classmate of Rizal’s father, became the boy’s tutor
Leon Monroy
_________ is about a young and mother moth who are both flying near a candle lamp.
Moth Story
