Rivers

Question 1

What is a tributary

Answer 1

A stream that flows into a large river

Question 2

Confluence

Answer 2

The point where two rivers meet

Question 3

Water shed

Answer 3

Boundary between drainage basins often a ridge of high land

Question 4

End of river into lake or ocean

Answer 4

Mouth

Question 5

Source

Answer 5

Starting point of river eg glacier

Question 6

Drainage basin

Answer 6

Area of land that drains water to certain point

Question 7

What are inputs in the drainage basin system

Answer 7

Percipation

Question 8

Outputs in drainage basin system

Answer 8

Evapotransportation
River channel
Evaporation

Question 9

Stores I. Drainage basin system

Answer 9

Groundwater
Interception by vegetation
River channel

Question 10

Transfers

Answer 10

Sutface runnof
Throughflow
Groundwater flow
Infiltration
Percukation

Question 11

Upper course characteristics

Answer 11

Narrow
Shallow
Large boulders

Question 12

Middle course

Answer 12

Wide
Deep
Smaller load
Rounde load

Question 13

Lower course characteristics

Answer 13

Wide
Deep smooth bank
Small and round load

Question 14

Erosion types

Answer 14

Corrosion
Attrition
Solution
Hydraulic action

Question 15

Corrosion

Answer 15

Scraping and rubbing action of load rock fragments scrape along bed

Question 16

Attrition

Answer 16

Banging of load off each other making it smaller and rounder

Question 17

Solution

Answer 17

Rainfall naturally acidic therefore soluble minerals in rock are dissolving

Question 18

Hydraulic action

Answer 18

Sheer force of water pushes air in cracks which breaks rocks

Question 19

Transportation types

Answer 19

Traction
Saltation
Suspension
Solution

Question 20

Traction

Answer 20

Rolling and sliding if large rocks /boulders along river

Question 21

Saltation

Answer 21

Bouncing of rock along bed

Question 22

Suspension

Answer 22

Transport of very small load held up by river some rivers carry huge amounts of sediment

Question 23

Solution

Answer 23

Soluble minerals carried via solution transport

Question 24

Deposition meaning

Answer 24

The dropping of material on the earths surface

Question 25

What are the physical cause of flooding in Somerset levels

Answer 25

Heavy rainfall and high tides Impermeable ground due to rainfall

Question 26

Human causes of flooding

Answer 26

Extra water sent in from Taunton and bridge water River parret and tones hand not been dredged properly in 20 years

Question 27

Flood plain

Answer 27

An area of flat low lying ground over which a river meanders formed mainly of river sediment and subject to flooding

Question 28

Levees meaning

Answer 28

A ridge of sediment deposited naturally alongside a river in times of flood

Question 29

Physical causes of flooding

Answer 29

Heavy rainfall Snowmelt Impermeable rock Saturated ground

Question 30

Human causes of flooding

Answer 30

Urbanisation Deforestation Narrowing river channel

Question 31

Hard engineering flood controls

Answer 31

Dams Dee ping river channel Straightening river Building up levees Flood walls

Question 32

Soft engineering flood controls

Answer 32

Afforestation Floodplain zoning Washlands

Question 33

Soft engineering flood controls

Answer 33

Afforestation Floodplain zoning Washlands