River Erosional Landforms

Question 1

Waterfall formation

Answer 1

River comes in contact with two layers of rock hard resistant rock such as chalk and soft rock sedimentary such as clay.
River erodes band of soft sedimentary rock easily through processes of hydraulic action, solution and abrasions
This leaves an over hang of the hard resistant as it is now unsupported.

The river eventually erodes the over hang of hard resistant rock and the rock falls in the plunge pool deepening it.

Processes such as hydraulic action abrasion and attrition erode this rock.

Waterfall then retreats upstream and forms a gorge .

Question 2

Meanders

Answer 2

Rivers develop large bends in rivers in MIDDLE and LOWER course if the Rivers

Current is faster on the OUTSIDE of bend - Because there is less friction to slow the water down

Current is slower in the inside of the bend -as the river is shallower

Eroded material is deposited on The Inside of the Bend forming SLIP-OFF SLOPES

Question 3

Oxbow lakes formation

Answer 3

Erosion causes the outside bends to GET CLOSER until there is only a small bit of land left Between the Bends.
The river breaks through this land during a FLOOD and the river flows along the SHORTEST COURSE
Deposition eventually cuts of the meander forming an OXBOW-LAKE