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2B OSCE Stuff > Risk Stations > Flashcards

Risk Stations Flashcards

Learn what is in each risk score

1
Q

What are the risk score criteria for diabetes?

A

Age, Gender, ethnicity, waist measurement, BMI(weight, height) High blood pressure, Family history of diabetes

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2
Q

What is the score range for diabetes risk?

A

0 to 47

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3
Q

What are categories of diabetes risk?

A

Low 0-6
Increased 7-15
Moderate 16-24
High 25-47

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4
Q

What advice can you give to lower diabetes risk?

A

Regular meals, reduce portion size, wholegrain and slow release carbs, decrease fat. Decreased salt.l, reduce alcohol, exercise 150 mins per week.

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5
Q

What kind of safety net can you give for diabetes?

A

5 Ts

Toilet thirsty tired thinner thrush slow wound healing

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6
Q

What is involved in Q risk score?

A

Age Sex Ethnicity, BMI, postcode, CKD 4 or 5, AF, RA Diabetes, HTN, angina or MI in relative under 60 smoking cholesterol systolic BP

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7
Q

What is Q risk score?

A

Percentage chance of heart attack or stroke in next 10 years

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8
Q

What is low risk Q risk?

A

<10%

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9
Q

What is moderate Q risk?

A

10-20%

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10
Q

What is high Q risk?

A

> 20%

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11
Q

What is management for low Qrisk?

A

Advise risk is low but can stop smoking exercise more change diet lose weight control BP or HDL with meds

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12
Q

What is management cut off for Q risk? When do you intervene?

A

> 10% consider Offer advice diet exercise smoking diabetes management
Discus cholesterol management and BP management initiate if not already done

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13
Q

What is CHA2DS2VAS score?

A

Risk of stroke in AF patients

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14
Q

What is the max CHA2DS2VaS score?

A

9

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15
Q

What does CHA2DS2VaS include?

A 
Congestive heart failure +1
Hypertension +1
Age over 75 +2
Diabetes +1
Stroke or TIA history +2
Vascular disease +1
Age 65-75+1
Sex female +1
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16
Q

What are categories for risk in CHA2DS2VaS?

A

Low 0 or 1 for female
Medium 1 for males
High 2 or more

17
Q

What is suggested management of low risk CHA2DS2VaS?

A

0 or 1 for females no oral anticoagulants

18
Q

What is suggested management for moderate risk CHA2DS2VaS?

A

1 for males consider anticoagulant or 2 women

19
Q

What is recommended management for high risk CHA2DS2VaS?

A

2 or more anticoagulant is recommended warfarin or NOAC/DOAC

20
Q

What is in the HASBLED score?

A 
hypertension +1
Renal disease +1
Liver disease +1
Stroke history +1
Prior bleeding or predisposition +1
Labile INR +1
Over 65 +1
Medications NSAIDs +1
Alcohol use >8 drinks/week +1
21
Q

What is high HASBLed?

A

Compare to CHA2DS2VAS score risks

22
Q

What is lifestyle advice for Warfarin?

A

INR, teratogenic, can I interfere with other meds, increase bleeding risk reversible vit K keep leefy veg same

23
Q

What is involved in FRAX score?

A 
Age
Sex
Weight
Height BMD femoral neck, RA
secondary osteoporosis ( CKD Cushing's, MS diabetes hyper parathyroid hypothyroid, coeliac)
Previous fracture
Glucocorticoid
Lithium
Barbiturates
Parental hip fracture
Smoker
Alcohol 3 units a day
24
Q

What is T score?

A

How much bone density is higher or lower than normal.

25
Q

What is the interpretation of T score?

A
  • 1 and above is normal
  • 1- -2.5 is osteopenia consider treatment
  • 2.5 and below should treat
26
Q

What is ABCD2 score?

A

Risk of stroke after TIA

27
Q

What is in ABCD2?

A 
Age over 60+1
BP >140/90
Clinical features unilateral weakness+2 only speech +1
Duration <10 +0 10-59 +1 >60 min +2
Diabetes +1
28
Q

What is Max ABCD2 score?

A

7

29
Q

What to do with ABCD2 score?

A

If have AF immediately anticoagulant
Urgent 0-3 see in TIA clinic next 7 days
Immediate 4-7 2 TIA within the 24 hours 2 TIAs in a week or on antiolatelet

30
Q

How does ABCD2 link to stroke risk?

A

Low risk 0-3 1% risk at 2 days
Medium 4-5 4%
High 6-7 8%

31
Q

What are the Well’s DVT criteria?

A

Active cancer, bedridden. 3 days prior or major surgery 12 weeks, calf swelling greater than 3cm, collateral superficial veins, entire leg swollen, localised tenderness on the deep venous system, pitting oedema paralysis paresis or plaster to limb, previous DVT HRT or pill Smoking long haul fkight is not actually part of it

32
Q

What to do with Well’s DVT?

A

0 do d dimer

If 3 more do ultrasound

33
Q

What are wells PE criteria?

A 
Clinical signs and symptoms of DVT
PE is most likely diagnosis
Heart rate over 100
Immobilisation 3 days or surgery in 4 weeks
Previous DVT or PE
haemoptysis
malignancy or treatment within 6 months
34
Q

What to do with Well’s PE score?

A

Greater than 4 CTPA

Lower do D dimer

35
Q

What is acronym to remember DVT?

A 
CUTEBAPS
Calf swelling
Unilateral pitting oedema
Tenderness
Entire leg swollen
Bedridden/surgeries
Active cancer
Previous DVT
Superficial veins

2B OSCE Stuff (2 decks)

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