Risk Factors/Stratification

Question 1

Family History

Answer 1

Death/heart attack of father <65 y/o or other first degree relative.

Question 2

Smoking

Answer 2

Current smoker or has quit within the past 6 months

Question 3

Hypertension

Answer 3

systolic ≥140mmhg or diastolic ≥90mmhg, confirmed on 2 separate occasions, or on medication

Question 4

Hypercholesterolemia

Answer 4

serum levels >200g/dl HDL 130mg/dl

Question 5

Impaired fasting glucose

Answer 5

Fasting glucose of >110mg/dl confirmed by 2 measurements on 2 separate occasions

Question 6

Obesity

Answer 6

BMI of > 30kg/M^2, or waist girth of >100cm

Question 7

Sedentary Lifestyle

Answer 7

Those not participating in regular exercise or meeting minimum activity as defines by surgeon general

Question 8

High Serum HDL

Answer 8

> 60mg/dl = negative risk factor

Question 9

Low Risk

Answer 9

Men <55y/o who are asymptomatic and meet no more than one risk factor

Question 10

Moderate Risk

Answer 10

Men >45 y/o and women >55y/o or those who meet two or more risk factors from figure 6

Question 11

High Risk

Answer 11

Individuals w/ one or more signs/symptoms of cardiovascular, pulmonary, or metabolic disease

Question 12

During the initial interview, the trainer and client do what?

Answer 12

Asses compatibility, develop goals, and establish client-trainer agreement.

Question 13

After the initial interview what needs to be conducted next and with what instruments?

Answer 13

The health appraisal screening is next and the PAR-Q along with health/medical questionnaire is given.

Question 14

What is the informed consent form and when should it be given?

Answer 14

It outlines the details of the program, risks and benefits, confidentiality clause, and it should be given prior to any sort of participation.

Question 15

Release/assumption of risk is what. And given when.

Answer 15

A form that a client signs before participation that waives the clients rights to legal remedy in the event of injury. This is given before participation of any kind.

Question 16

What is considered low/moderate/high risk according to the ACSM Initial risk stratification table

Answer 16

Low- men and women who have one or no CVD risk factors from tbl 9.1

Moderate- men and women who have two or more risk factors.

High- see table 9.2

Question 17

When must a client seek physician clearance?

Answer 17

If he/she answers yes to any PAR-Q questions, has any symptoms of CVD, is stratified as moderate risk and wants to participate in a vigorous exercise program, or is high risk and wants to participate in moderate or high exercise.

Question 18

What is PNF stretching?

Answer 18

Taking a muscle or joint into a static stretch position, holding it there, and then contracting.

Question 19

Where should the personal trainer spot a client during overhead or over the face dumbbell exercises?

Answer 19

At the wrists. Not the elbows

Question 20

How much fluid needs to be replaced for every pound of body weight lost during exercise?

Answer 20

20-24 ounces

Question 21

What are the recommendations for frequency of workouts for novice, intermediate, and advanced clients?

Answer 21

Novice: 2-3
Intermediate: 3 for total body, 4 for a split routine
Advanced: 4-6