Risk Factors

Question 1

RFs for late and very late schizophrenia

Answer 1

Psychosocial isolation
Female gender
Bereavement
Sensory deficits
Immigration

Question 2

Risk factors for OSAH

Answer 2

Male sex
Obesity
Family history
Craniofacial abnormalities
Smoking
Alcohol

Question 3

Risk factors for higher opioid poisonings

Answer 3

Addiction
Patient confusion and medication instructions
Prescriber error (too high doses)
Dosing errors due to cognitive impairment

Question 4

RFs for opioid use disorder

Answer 4

Male
Exposure to illicit opioids early in life
Social isolation/loneliness
Having a psychiatric disorder prior to OUD
Pain

Question 5

RFs for benzo use disorder

Answer 5

-older age
-female gender
-dependant personality
-concurrent or previous substance use disorder

Question 6

RF for AD variants

Answer 6

Male
Higher education
Younger

Question 7

RF for AD
Non mod
Mod

Answer 7

Age
Female
Mci
Genetics (first relative,downs, app, psen1,apoe)

———
Low educ
Physical inact
Smoking
Depression

Question 8

RF for anxiety disorders

Answer 8

Advanced age
Female gender
Physical illness
Psychosocial stress
Depression
Cognitive impairment
Lower education
Family hx
Alcohol or drug use

Question 9

Risk factors for for relapse for dep and anx

Answer 9

Older age at index
Poor self rated health
Medical Illness
Social isolation
Baseline anxiety
Personality pathology

Question 10

RF for late and very late onset schizophrenia

Answer 10

• isolation
  Female
  Bereavement
  Sensory deficits
  Immigration
  -abnormal premorbid personality (cluster A)

Question 11

Post stroke depression risk factors

Answer 11

-severity of functional dependence
-previous depression
-social isolation
Major events pre stroke
Female gender
Previous stroke

Question 12

RF for depression after TBI

Answer 12

-left frontal and left basal ganglia lesions
-dysphoria at 1 week
Past depression

NOT RELATED WITH SEVERITY

Question 13

RF for depression in PD

Answer 13

Female
Past or family psych hx
Early onset
Cognitive impairment

Question 14

RF for worse cognitive outcome in TBI

Answer 14

SEVERITY OF TBI (unlike in depression)
Advanced age
Hx of cognitive impairment
Hx of functional impairment
Social isolation
Polypharm

Question 15

Suicide RFs

Answer 15

-male, older, low SES, widowed/divorced
suicidal ideation and behaviour
-family hx
-Mental health problems: any axis 1, personality disorders or rigid personality
-substance
-medical Illness
-negative life events

Question 16

Risk factors of relapse in someone doing ECT

Answer 16

-female
-residual depressive symptoms
-untreated PD
-substance use disorder
-severe chronic pain
-medication resistance

Question 17

RFs for complicated grief

Answer 17

-childhood separation anxiety
-insecure attachment
-dependant relationship with the deceased
-traumatic loss
-close kinship relationship to the deceased

As per nul, circumstances of death, circumstances of the announcement (not expected)

Question 18

RFs for depression after bereavement

Answer 18

-past hx of mood disorders/depression
-losing someone who they had a positive connection with
-inability to cope (complex medical history, poor social support,many life stressors)
-multiple losses close together

Question 19

RF for benzo use disorder

Answer 19

Older age
Female
Dependant personality
Concurrent or previous substance use

Question 20

RF for SUD

Answer 20

Female with prescription drug misuse
Comorbid psychiatric illness
Sleep disorder
Chronic pain/medical illness
Avoidance coping style
Being divorced, isolation, bereavement

Question 21

RF for mania in old age

Answer 21

-CNS disorder (esp stroke affecting right orbital frontal cortex)
-significant vascular factors
-other brain lesions
-hx substance
-family history in first degree relatives
-previous affective disorders

Question 22

RF for negative effects of caregiving

Answer 22

Female
Low SES
Coping style
Social isolation
Number of hours caregiving
Duration of caregiving
Poor physical and mental health
Lack of sleep

Question 23

RF for abuse
In older adult

In perpetrator

Answer 23

Cognitive impairment
Aggressive behaviours/psychological distres
Poor social network and support
Low income
Need for ADL assistance
Premorbid relationship with abuser
Shared living arangements

Family relation, substance abuse, mental illness, dependency, unemployment

Question 24

3 components of informed consent

Answer 24

-information (dx, proposed tx etc)
-voluntary
-capacity to consent

Question 25

Categories of caregiver needs ( general)

Answer 25

Information and education
Psychological support
Assistance mobilizing social support (informal and formal)