Risk factor: stress

Question 1

Driessen et al

Answer 1

• 30% of drug addicts and 15% of alcoholics also suffered from PTSD

Question 2

Piazza

Answer 2

• found a link between stress and addiction in rats
• pinched their tails continuously
• rats were more likely to seek out amphetamines

Question 3

Kabasa

Answer 3

• if someone has high hardiness they have a strong defence against the negative effects of stress
• key personality traits include being high in control, commitment and challenge
• protective factor against addictions (hardiness training)

Question 4

Schneier et al

Answer 4

• alcohol dependence occurs twice as much in those with social phobias than those without

Question 5

Tavolacci et al

Answer 5

• argued students who found university to be stressful may develop addictive disorders
• high perception of stress was related to smoking regularly, alcohol abuse and risk of internet addiction