Risk assessment Flashcards
top 5 “killers” of adults in US
- heart disease
- CA (#1 lung, #2 colorectal)
- lower resp dz (asthma, COPD, PNA, flu)
- unintentional injuries
- CVA
Which CA is responsible for the highest mortality in women?
LUNG
Which is the leading GYN-associated cancer “killer?”
ovarian
Which is CA has the highest incidence in women other than skin CA?
breast
Which CA in men is responsible for the highest mortality?
lung
Other than skin CA, which is the 2nd most common cancer in men?
prostate
Combining men & women, which is the leading CA “killer?”
lung
Combining men & women, which is the 2nd leading CA “killer?”
colorectal
Major causes of death in adolescents (12-19)
*MCVs -suicide -homicide -CA -CV/congenital dz’s
major causes of death in young adults (20-39)
*MVCs
- homicide (leading cause of death in AA men <35yr)
- suicide
- injuries
- heart disease
- *AIDS (leading cause of death in AA in US <40yr)
what is the leading killer of African american men <35yr?
homicide
what is the leading killer of American Americans <40yr in the U.S?
AIDS
Major causes of death in the middle aged adult (40-59yr)
**heart disease
- accidents
- lung CA, breast, CA, colorectal CA
- CVA
- COPD
major causes of death in the elderly adult (>/= 60yr)
**heart disease
CVA
COPD PNA and/or influenza lung
colorectal CA
When do adolescents first need a complete physical exam (PE)?
age 11-14
How often do adolescents need a PE?
3 visits: age 11-14 age 15-17 age 18-21
When should the Gardasil vaccine be administered?
age 11-26
when should syphilis screening start?
when sexually active
when should tetanus-diphtheria (Td) first be administered?
as early as age 7
how often should Td be given?
every 10 yrs *substitute 1 dose of Tdap for Td
When should meningococcal vaccine be administered?
age 11-12 (approved for ages 2-55yr)
Should repeat meningococcal vaccine be given?
*revaccinate x 1 , 5yrs after last dose, for high risk groups (college freshman, military, travelers-Africa)
At what age can the influenza vaccine start to be given?
>6mon
Under what circumstances should the pneumococcal vaccine be given to adolescents?
age 19-64 if smoker or asthma
When and how often should PPD screening be given to adolescents?
once during adolescence q2yr if at risk or exposure to TB
How often should PE be done as a young adult?
q5-6yrs
Criteria for PAP testing?
within 3 yrs of sexual activity or 21-65
When should chlamydia testing be done?
for all = 25yr
How often should a PAP be done?
q3yr
When and how often should the HPV co-test be done?
starting at age 30 & q5yr
at what age should self breast exams begin?
21
how often should a clinical breast exam be done?
q3 yr
How often should a BP assessment be done in the young adult?
with every health visit or q2yr
What is the youngest age to do lipid panel?
20
How often should a lipid panel be done in the young adult?
q5yr unless >200
How often should a PE be done in the middle-aged adult?
q5-6yr
how often should a PAP be done in the middle-aged adult (40-59)?
every 3 yr
How often should the HPV co-test be done in the middle-aged adult?
q5yr
How often should a clinical breast exam be done in the middle aged adult?
every year starting at age 40
Mammography screening
> 40 & every 1-2yr
How often does ACOG recommend mammography screening?
annually for ages 50-74
At what age should Digital Rectal Exam (DRE) first be done?
50, unless AA or family hx then at age 40
When should PSA testing first begin?
age 50, unless AA or family history –> then 40 year
If family history of prostate CA or African American, at what age should PSA testing be done?
40
How often should a BP assessment be done in the middle aged adult?
with every health visit or q2yr
At what age should colorectal screening begin?
50
What are the acceptable colorectal screening methods & how often?
annual FOBT flexible sigmoidoscopy q5yr colonscopy q10yr
When should baseline tonometry (glaucoma) screening first be done?
40yr
How often should tonometry screening be done in the middle aged adult?
annually
What is the earliest the Herpes Zoster vaccine (zostavax) be given?
50yr
Who requires the PPSV23 pneumoccocal vaccine?
age 19-64 w/comorbidities: smoker, asthma, COPD, diabets, alcoholism
How often should a PE be done in the elderly adult?
q2yr
When can PAP smears be discontinued?
>65-70 w/ 3 consecutive normal cytology tests & no abn tests in the past 10 yrs
When can mammography screening be discontinued?
age 74, as long as in good health
How often should DRE & PSA test be done in the middle aged adult & elderly adult?
annually
At what age should one have a baseline ECG?
40
how often should the elderly adult have a repeat ECG?
q2yr
How often should glaucoma screening be done in the elder adult?
annually
Who should received the PPSV23 & PCV13 pneumococcal vaccines?
>/= 65yr
How much daily intake of protein is necessary?
0.8-1.0g/kg/d
Those patients living in a nursing home or long-term home need which vaccine?
pneumoccocal
What vaccines are necessary for healthcare workers?
Hep B
Mumps ( if born after 1957, 2 doses of vaccine)
What criteria should prompt DM screening?
in asymptomatic adults >135/80.
osteoporosis screening
in women >65yr old >60yr & at risk
most common disease affecting older adults
osteoarthritis
