Risk Assessment

Question 1

How often do adolescents (13-19) need a complete PE

Answer 1

Three visits (11-14, 15-17, 18-21)

Question 2

When should syphilis screening start for both males and females

Answer 2

when sexually active

Question 3

Who should get meningococcal vaccine?

Answer 3

• All adolescents age 11-18.

- Re-vaccinate for special populations (college dorms, military, immunecompromised, travelers) after 5 years

Question 4

Who should get pneumococcal vaccine?

Answer 4

• Age 19-64 who is smoker or has asthma
• COPD, diabetes, and ETOH abuse. PPSV23
• Age 65 or older. PPSV23 and PCV13

Question 5

How often do young adults need PE (age 20-39)?

Answer 5

Every 5-6 years

Question 6

How often do young adults need a pap smear? (20-39)

Answer 6

every 3 years (with chlamydia and GC screen)

Question 7

4 leading causes of death?

Answer 7

1. Heart disease
2. Cancer
3. Lower resp diseases (COPD, PNA, Asthma, influenza)
4. CVA

Question 8

How often should early adults have their BP checked? What is the desired range?

Answer 8

every two years

Question 9

How often should the early adult have a cholesterol panel checked. what is the desired range?

Answer 9

Starting at age 20 and every five years unless chol >200

Question 10

How often do adults need tdap?

Answer 10

every 10 years

Question 11

Leading cancers in women?

Answer 11

1. Lung-highest mortality
2. Ovarian-highest OB/GYN mortality CA
3. Breast- highest incidence

Question 12

Leading cancers in men?

Answer 12

1. Lung-highest mortality

2. Prostate- highest incidence, increased mortality

Question 13

Leading cancers in men and women combined?

Answer 13

1. Lung-highest mortality

2. Colorectal-highest incidence.

Question 14

When should women start getting mammograms and on what schedule?

Answer 14

At age 45
Every 2 years until age of 55
Some discrepancy. Continue as long as pt healthy and has life expectancy of 10+ years.

Question 15

What age should men start having DRE and PSA for prostate CA?

Answer 15

beginning at age 40 and annually if family history or african american
Age 50 for all males

Question 16

When should colorectal screening/colonoscopy start for men and women? How often?

Answer 16

Age 50 and every 10 years

Question 17

How often do older adults (age 60 and older) need a PE?

Answer 17

every two years

Question 18

At what age can PAP smear be discontinued? What is the criteria?

Answer 18

> 65-70 with three consecutive negative tests or no abnormal tests in past 10 years.

Question 19

When should a pt get a baseline ECG?

Answer 19

At age 40

Question 20

Define sensitivity

Answer 20

True positives. the degree to which those who have a disease screen/test positive

Question 21

Define Specificity

Answer 21

True Negatives. the degree to which those who do NOT have a disease screen/test negative.

Question 22

Define Inicidence

Answer 22

The frequency at which something occurs

Question 23

Define prevalence

Answer 23

the proportion of population affected.

Question 24

What is primary prevention?

Answer 24

measure to promote health prior to the onset of sx

i.e. diet exercise, immunization

Question 25

What is Secondary prevention?

Answer 25

Focuses on early ID and tx of existing problem | i.e. pap smear, cholesterol screen

Question 26

What is tertiary prevention?

Answer 26

Rehab and restoration of health | i.e. cardiac rehab after MI, PT after MVC

Question 27

What is an antigen?

Answer 27

substance capable of inducing an immune reponse | "Bad Guy".

Question 28

What is an antibody?

Answer 28

Molecules synthesized in reaction to antigen. "Fighter"

Question 29

Who should get Hep A vaccine?

Answer 29

Military, travelers to endemic area, men who have sex with men.

Question 30

What hepatitis strain is highest risk for fulmanent liver failure?

Answer 30

Hep B

Question 31

What is the major risk for herbal supplements that start with the letter G?

Answer 31

Bleeding

Question 32

What are the goal s of Healthy People 2020?

Answer 32

1. To increase the quality and years of healthy life | 2. Eliminate health disparity amoung Americans.

Question 33

Which 5 diagnoses are reportable to the CDC?

Answer 33

``` gonorrhea chlamydia syphilis HIV TB ```

Question 34

What is the strongest method to assess teaching?

Answer 34

returned demonstration

Question 35

What is the most powerful data collected from a patient?

Answer 35

Subjective data from patient and observation.

Question 36

What does a prblem focused exam entail?

Answer 36

a limited exam of the affected body area or organ system

Question 37

What does an expanded problem focused exam entail?

Answer 37

A limited exam of the affected area or organ system and any other symptomatic or related areas or organs

Question 38

What does a detailed exam entail?

Answer 38

An extended exam of the affected body area or organ and any other symptomatic or related areas or organ

Question 39

What is a comprehensive exam?

Answer 39

A general multi-system exam or complete exam of a single organsystem and other symtomatic organs or area.

Question 40

Medicare A

Answer 40

covers inpatient/hospital, SNF, home health, hospice

Question 41

Medicare B

Answer 41

covers physician services, outpatient hospital services, lab, diagnostic, medical equipment and some home health. *NP's recieve 85% of physician reimbursement for services supplied in collaboration with physician.

Question 42

Medicare C

Answer 42

A+B=C | Known as Medicare Advantage

Question 43

Medicare D

Answer 43

Limited Rx coverage. | Monthly premium required

Question 44

To qualify to be a Medicare provider, the NP must...

Answer 44

Hold a state license Be certified by a recognized national certifying body Hold at least an MSN degree

Question 45

who sets scope of practice?

Answer 45

State nurse practice acts

Question 46

who takes care of credentialing?

Answer 46

Hospital Credentialing Committee

Question 47

What is the most common form of documentation with regards to risk management?

Answer 47

Incident reports

Question 48

what are satisfaction surverys intended for?

Answer 48

To ID problems before developing into actual incidents or claims.

Question 49

Quantitative futlity

Answer 49

Where the likelihood that an intervention will benefit the pt is extremely poor

Question 50

Qualitative futilty

Answer 50

Where the quality of benefit an intervention will produce is extremely poor,

Question 51

define competence

Answer 51

a state in which a pt is able to make personal decisions about his/her care. implies ability to understand, reason, differentiate good and bad and communicate

Question 52

Nonmaleficence

Answer 52

the duty to do no harm

Question 53

utilitarianism

Answer 53

the right act id the on that produces the greatest good for the greatest number

Question 54

beneficence

Answer 54

the duty to prevent harm and promote good | often in conflict with autonomy

Question 55

justice

Answer 55

the duty to be fair

Question 56

fidelity

Answer 56

the duty to be faithful

Question 57

veracity

Answer 57

the duty to be truthful

Question 58

autonomy

Answer 58

the duty to respect an individual's thoughts and actions. | often in conflict with beneficence

Question 59

Four distinct roles of NP's

Answer 59

1. clinician 2. consultant/collaborator 3. educator 4. researcher

Question 60

reliability

Answer 60

the consistency of a measurement or the degree to which an instrument measures the same way over time with the same objects

Question 61

validity

Answer 61

the degree to which a variable measures what it is intended to measure