Risk assessment Flashcards
What is QRISK score?
Risk of having an MI or stroke in next 10 years (%)
What age group is QRISK used for?
35-74
What personal criteria does QRISK use?
- Age
- Sex
- Ethnicity
- BMI
- Smoking history
What PMH does QRISK use?
- CKD
- AF
- Rheumatoid arthritis
- Diabetes
- Migraines
- SLE
- Mental illnesses
- Erectile dysfunction
What drug history does QRISK use?
- Anti-hypertensives
- Atypical antipsychotics
- Steroids
What family history does QRISK use?
- Angina/ MI in 1st degree relative < 60 y/o
What other information does QRISK use?
- Cholesterol/ HDL ratio
- Systolic BP
What medications may be started if QRISK is high?
Statins (atorvastatin)
What is low, medium and high QRISK scores?
- Low = < 10%
- Medium = 10-20%
- High = > 20%
What is ABCD2 score?
Risk of having a stroke after a suspected TIA
What is asked about in ABCD2 score?
- Age > 60
- Blood pressure > 140/90
- TIA with unilateral weakness = 2
- TIA with speech disturbance = 1
- Duration of symptoms (>60 = 2, 10-60 = 1)
- Diabetes = 1
What medications can be used if ABCD2 is high?
Aspirin/ clopidogrel
What secondary prevention can be used for high ABCD2 risks?
- Statins
- Hypertension control
What is low, medium and high risk ABCD2 scores?
- Low = 1-3
- Medium = 4,5
- High = 6,7
What information do those with a TIA need to be told?
Don’t drive for 1 month after TIA
What is wells score used for?
Probability of developing a DVT
What criteria are used for wells score?
- Active cancer/ treatment within 6 months
- Immobilised, paralysis, paresis
- Recent surgery
- Calf more than 3cm swollen
- Collateral veins
- Entire leg swollen
- Localised tenderness along veins
- Pitting oedema
- Previous DVT/PE
- Pregnant/ HRT/ COCP
What else is important to ask in those with suspected DVT?
- Recent flights
- Smoking/ drinking
- OCP/ HRT
How should DVT be investigated?
- D-dimer if under 2
- D-dimer + doppler if 2 or over
What is low, moderate, high DVT risks?
- Low = 0
- Moderate = 1,2
- High = 3+
How is DVT treated?
- LMWH
- Other anticoagulants (apixaban, rivaroxaban)
What is CHADSVaSc used for?
Risk of stroke in patients with AF
What criteria are used for CHADSVaSc?
- CHF
- Hypertension
- Age (65-74 or 75+)
- Diabetes
- Stroke/ TIA
- Vascular disease (MI, PAD, aortic plaque)
- Sex
What scores are significant in CHADSVaSc?
- 0 = no anticoagulation
- 1 = consider anticoagulation
- 3 = anticoagulation required
