Rise Of Rome

Question 1

Name the neighbours that attended the Consualia: (4)

Answer 1

• Caeninenses
• Crustimini
• Antemnates
• Sabines

Question 2

What did Romulus do for Rome?

Answer 2

Founded Rome and set up defences on the Palatine hill.

• started ceremonies for Gods like the Albans apart from Hercules
• gave people laws
• made himself seem grander and got 12 lictors so country folk would follow his laws
• made city bigger with big walls and invited people to come and live there
• 100 senators
• increased roman territory by defeating the Caeninenses, the Crustimini and the Anyrmnates.
• made treaty with Tatus Tatius
• divided population into 30 groups and recruited 3 groups of 100 knights (the Ramneses, Titienses and the Luceres)
• renewed treaty between Rome and Lavinium.
• defeated Fidenates
• made peace treaty with Veii in exchange for land.

Question 3

Who were the Swift Ones?

Answer 3

300 soldiers as bodyguards

Question 4

How did Numa develop religion?

Answer 4

• fair and religious
• knew a lot about human and god laws
• he said they have to ask the gods if he should be king
• priests saw good omens
• first act was the temple of Janus (open when at war and shut when at peace)
• made peace and shut the gates
• tamed the wake city and gave it new laws and religious rituals
• used fear of gods to control people
• pretended to meet goddess Egeria who told him how to set up the rituals and the priesthoods.
• Numa decided what days were right for doing public business and which were not.
• was very peaceful and religious and got Romans to copy him.
• neighbours no longer wanted to attack Rome as it was religious and peaceful.
• gave a new side to Rome’s character.

Question 5

What other ceremonies did Numa create?

Answer 5

Many others including one to celebrate keeping promises.

Question 6

What was Numa’s main achievement?

Answer 6

He kept his power while keeping peace the whole time.

Question 7

How can Augustus be linked with Numa?

Answer 7

When Augustus became emperor he started a religious revival which could be linked to Numa’s creation of all the religious aspects of the roman culture

Question 8

Who were the 3 Tarquins?

Answer 8

Tarquinius Priscus
Tarquinius Superbus
Sextus Tarquinius

Question 9

Why did Tarquinius Priscus go to Rome?

Answer 9

He intended to do something to make himself powerful.

Question 10

How did Tarquinius Priscus become king?

Answer 10

Sent Ancus Marcius’ sons on a hunting trip and got people to vote for him in as king while they were gone.

Question 11

What did Tarquinius Priscus do for Rome?

Answer 11

Increased size of senate
Made war successfully on the Latins 
Planned out circus maximum 
Established games 
Improved forum

Question 12

What bad things did Tarquinius Priscus do?

Answer 12

Tried to rearrange cavalry units set up by Romulus. (during war with Sabines)
Navy’s pointed out that Romulus checked omens before doing this.
He replied very rudely.

Question 13

What did Tarquinius Superbus do?

Answer 13

Surrounded himself with armed men and did anything he wanted.
- manipulated Latins and gained their land and power by faking a plot by a man called Turnus.

Question 14

What did Sextus Tarquinius do?

Answer 14

• helped to conquer gabii

- raped Lucretia

Question 15

Why were the kings removed?

Answer 15

Roman people got sick of their behaviour.

Question 16

How were the Tarquins taken down?

Answer 16

Brutus swore by the bloody knife Lucretia killed herself with that he would punish them and get rid of kings of Rome forever.

• made a great speech to Romans and persuaded them to stand up to the kings power.
• got army on his side and established roman republic.

Question 17

Why is the rape of Lucretia suspicious?

Answer 17

It is thought that there is an influence from the overthrowing of the kings of Athens and the conspiracy of Cataline so a lot of this story is just a story.

Question 18

What did Numa do specifically?

Answer 18

• sorted out putting priests in charge of something
• did the most holy ceremonies.
• made priest of Jupiter a permanent job and made it more important with a special toga and royal curule chair.
• added 2 other priesthoods (mars and quirinus)
• chose vestal virgins
• gave them money from public funds so they would be really careful priestesses of the temple.
• showed that they should be respected and holy by making them stay virgins and other ceremonies
• chose 12 dancers ‘the Salian priests of Mars Gradivus, and gave them embroidered tunics with bronze breastplates. Ordered them to carry heavenly shields (ancilia) and to go through the city and performing their special dance.
• he chose Numa Marcus from the senators as priest of state religion and put him in charge of all the holy documents which said what animals should be used, which days and which temples the sacrifices should be at and where to get the money to pay.
• put the same priest in charge of all public and private ceremonies. (So people would go to him if they upset any of the gods laws by forgetting ceremonies and joining foreign cults).
• said what omens should be recognised from lightning and other events.
• set up an altar for Jove the revealer on aventine hill and looked up for signs from god.