Rise Of Fascism In Italy

Question 1

1. 28th June 1919

Answer 1

Treaty if Versailles signed. Angered Italians. Wilsons principle of self determination meant they did not gain Dalmatia or Albania

Question 2

2. 1919 Post War

Answer 2

industrial slump, unemployment, trade union membership (1918-20) 300,000 to 3 million

Question 3

3. 1919 JAN

Answer 3

PPI founded - anti socialist party that became the second largest

Question 4

4. March 1919

Answer 4

Mussolini forms blackshirt militia = FASCISTI

Question 5

5. APRIL 1919

Answer 5

AVANTI (anit fascist) offices raided by fascists squads

Question 6

6. JUNE 1919

Answer 6

The treaty of versailles was public and so the public saw the position italy was put in causing more anger

Question 7

7. June 1919

Answer 7

Manifesto of Fascist struggle published by Mussolini

Question 8

8. September 1919

Answer 8

D’Annunzio seizes Fiume

Question 9

9. Nov 1919

Answer 9

Mussolini moves to the right. The socialist and popular parties win election and Mussolini fails to get on the left wing fascist platform so moves to the right

Question 10

10. 1919-20

Answer 10

BIENNO ROSSO (2 Red Years) socialist and trade union strikes and riots

Question 11

11. 1920

Answer 11

Nationwide strikes = spread of support for fascists. Strikes broken up be fascisti

Question 12

12. 1921

Answer 12

left wing groups unite as ARDITI DEL POPOLO to fight against fascisti using direct action (20,000 members). Fascists squads continue violent campaign

Question 13

13. MAY 1921

Answer 13

Elections. PM Giolotti uses fascists as a barrier against socialists. Fascists gain 7% of the vote and 35 fascists (including Mussolini) are elected

Question 14

14. AUG 1921

Answer 14

ANTI FASCISTS STRIKE: broken up by fascists squads. PACT OF PACIFICATION between fascists and socialists brings fall of Giolotti gov

Question 15

15. NOV 1921

Answer 15

Fascism change from revolutionary street fighting movement to political party. Mussolini founds the National Fascist Party (PNF) [700,000 members by jul ‘22] Take a more conservative stance

Question 16

16. FEB 1922

Answer 16

PM Facta leads a weak coalition government

Question 17

17. MAY 1922

Answer 17

Fascists squads increase violence

Question 18

18. JULY 1922

Answer 18

Worker protest strikes are violently repressed by Fascisti

Question 19

19. 18th OCT 1922

Answer 19

QUADRUMVIRATE [4 leaders of fascism] organise the March on Rome

Question 20

20. 24th OCT 1922

Answer 20

Mussolini announces the March on Rome at Fascist Congress in Naples

Question 21

21. 26th OCT 1922

Answer 21

PM Facta attempts state of emergency but King will not sign off on it

Question 22

22. 28th OCT 1922

Answer 22

MARCH ON ROME shows weakness of Facta gov and King hands powers over to Mussolini [29th/10] Believed that he would regain control through fascist rule.