Rio De Janerio Challanges

Question 1

Managing Urban Growth

Answer 1

Favelas: > 1 000 on edge of city, steep hills (landslides). Poorly constructede.g. Rocinha

Question 2

Providing clean water,

sanitation

Answer 2

Non-improved favelas 50% no sewage connections, 12% no running water & 30% no
electricity (could argue the opposite figures)

Question 3

Providing access to
services:
Health & education

Answer 3

Only 50% children in education after age 14.
shortage of teachers, low pay and poor training
40% no access to local family health clinic
Infant mortality rates v high: 50 per 1 000

Question 4

Reducing unemployment

& crime

Answer 4

High rates. In favelas:
20% of working age are unemployed and 1/3 are informal sector - so don’t pay taxes
Murder rate of 20 per 1 000

Question 5

Waste disposal

Answer 5

Worst problems in favelas - steep hillsides no road access for waste lorries. Waste dumped.
Pollutes water system. Diseases - cholera + rats

Question 6

Air pollution

Answer 6

5 000 deaths per year - heavy congestion, exhaust fumes - pollutants from factories

Question 7

Water pollution

Answer 7

Guanabara Bay highly polluted - threat to wildlife. Pollution from open seers in favelas.
Fishing declined by 90% in last 20 years. Water pollution threats tourism

Question 8

Traffic Congestion

Answer 8

Most congested city in South America. Rush hours - gridlock. Number of cars grown by 40%
in a decade.