Rights in Context Flashcards
How did the Magna Carta develop UK human rights? When did this happen? - Rights in Context
Legal document signed by King John which established the rule of law in England and secured the right to a fair trial. Established in 1215.
How did the Bill of Rights develop UK Human Rights? When did this happen? - Rights in Context
Established frequent election, freedom of speech for representatives in the HoC, meant monarch couldn’t act above the law, monarch couldn’t reject money bills, outlawed cruel punishments. Established in 1689.
How did the European Convention on Human Rights develop UK Human Rights? When did this happen? - Rights in Context
Protects the rights of citizens from oppressive governments and regimes. Established freedom of expression/religion/association/life/sexuality. Drafted with assistance of UK in 1950.
How did the Human Rights Act develop UK Human Rights? When did this happen? - Rights in Context
The Human Rights Act established the ECHR in the UK, making it legally binding on all organisations and people. Also passed the Data Protection Act. Established in 1998.
How did the Freedom of Information Act develop UK Human Rights? When did this happen? - Rights in Context
Increased transparency of government and meant that there was not excessive government suppression of information. The public now know more about governmental processes. Established in 2000.
How did the Equality Act advance UK Human Rights? When did this happen? - Rights in Context
Forced all future government legislation to conform to equality standards, meaning it could not discriminate against any group in society. Made minorities feel safer. Established in 2010.
What major issue surrounds the 1998 Human Rights Act? - Rights in Context
The Act is not binding on the UK Parliament, which can overrule this act due to the principle of Parliamentary Sovereignty. Therefore does little to protect UK Citizens from totalitarian governments.
What are civil liberties and negative/residual rights? - Rights in Context
Civil liberties are rights and freedoms of citizens protecting them from unfair and arbitrary government treatment.
Negative/residual rights are rights believed to be guaranteed unless otherwise stated in law.
What are active citizenship and ‘rights based cultures’? - Rights in Context
Active citizenship is the idea of rights being granted to citizens based on an informal contract with state based on obligations, moral responsibility etc.
‘Rights based culture’ is the idea that rights are now paramount in the UK’s governance in that all legislation should comply with rights.
What are judicial review and judicial precedent? - Rights in Context
Judicial review is the process of taking a government to court with the belief that rights of citizens have been infringed on.
Judicial precedent is the idea that following the establishment of common law by a judge, all lower courts are bound by that law.
What type of pressure group are Liberty and how many members do they have? - Rights in Context
Liberty aim to protect human rights and justice/freedom. They currently have a membership of 11,000.
What recent campaigns have Liberty undertaken? (2020) - Rights in Context
Campaigning against the introduction of ‘Immunity Cards’ once vaccinated against COVID-19, challenging and campaigning against government ideas to review the Human Rights Act, support for civil liberties and the right to protest.
How does Liberty aim to exert influence? - Rights in Context
Liberty utilises petitions and popular support for its campaigns to apply pressure on a government to act in its interests. They also employ a group of lawyers to provide expert legal advice and defence for its clients. Have also lobbied MPs.
How has Liberty been successful in the protection of Human Rights? - Rights in Context
In 2015 launched a legal challenge with Tom Watson MP and David Davis MP arguing a Data Retention Act conflicted with HRA. Counter protested against UK government action targeting ethnically diverse areas with campaigning against illegal immigrants which stopped the GOVT campaign.
Provided legal representation to Catherine Gun in 2004.
How has Liberty been unsuccessful in the protection of Human Rights? - Rights in Context
Launched an unsuccessful case against Theresa May’s ‘Snooper’s Charter’. Struggled to force change on government policy against coronavirus, especially national lockdowns and measures which curbed civil liberties.