Rights And Responsibilities

Question 1

What laws does a society require and why?

Answer 1

The fundamental principles of law= every person no matter who they are us subject to the law and every person should be treated equally

Question 2

The idea of legal certainty

Answer 2

All laws in the uk must be applied in a precise and predictable manner.

Question 3

What must citizens believe about the law

Answer 3

Citizens must believe that the law is fair so they are more likey to obey it

Question 4

The laws are properly enacted and clear in their purpose

Answer 4

Laws are formally agreed and the purpose of any law is clearly set out
Laws should be clear in their intention

Question 5

That there is equality and fairness in the law

Answer 5

Every person should be allowed equal access to the legal system
The law applies to ever person equally

Question 6

The law cannot be retrospective

Answer 6

You cannot be tried for an action that was unlawful at the time
This provides citizens with the certainty about the law

Question 7

That there is due legal process

Answer 7

The judicial system must operate as laid down in the law

Question 8

What do you have the right to do at a trail

Answer 8

A right for a fair trial, the right to defend yourself and represent if found guilty the right of appeal

Question 9

What is justice

Answer 9

Fairness
Equality
+due process

Question 10

What is justice based on

Answer 10

It is based on your behaviour about what is morally right and fair

Question 11

Presumption of innocence

Answer 11

A person brought before court is presumed as innocent
They just prove their innocence

Question 12

Trial by jury

Answer 12

Jury decides guilty or innocent
12 members must agree together.

Question 13

Access to justice

Answer 13

Anyone has the right to be able to aces the justice system

Question 14

How can citizens take part in the judicial process

Answer 14

They can be apart if the jury

Question 15

Rules

Answer 15

A way a group or organisation operates

Question 16

Laws

Answer 16

A way in which a society is regulated

Question 17

What are rules and laws used for

Answer 17

Used for dealing with complex problems, fairness, and equality

Question 18

Russia and the European Court of human rights=

Answer 18

2022= Russian memberships in the European council was suspended in march 2022 because of the invasion of Ukraine by Russia

Question 19

Example of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights

Answer 19

United Nations (set up after ww2 1945)

Question 20

What is the United Nations used for

Answer 20

Agreement on the human rights for all people

Question 21

The European convention on human rights

Answer 21

1950= European council decided on the European convention

Question 22

Rights verse responsibilities

Answer 22

Balance between power of the state and the rights and duties of the citizens

Question 23

Race relations Acts

Answer 23

1965, 1968, 1976 and 2000

Question 24

Equal pay act

Answer 24

1970

Question 25

Sex discrimination

Answer 25

1975 and 2002

Question 26

Disability discrimination

Answer 26

1995 and 2005

Question 27

Equality acts

Answer 27

2006 and 2010

Question 28

What are citizens rights responsibilities within the legal system

Answer 28

Operation of the justice system= has five parts

Question 29

What are the parts of the operation of the justice system

Answer 29

The police
Judiciary
Tribunal dispute and resolution
Legal representatives
Criminal and civil war courts

Question 30

Roles of police

Answer 30

Uphold the law fairly and firmly
Prevent crime and pursue justice to those who break the law.
Keeps the kings peace
Protect and reassure and help the community

Question 31

Roles of police constable

Answer 31

Work within the community
Preform administrative duties
Carry out investigations

Question 32

Powers of the police

Answer 32

Stop and search= police can stop and search you if they are suspicious that you are carrying around: illegal drugs, weapons, stolen property.

Question 33

Power of arrest

Answer 33

Police need reasonable grounds to arrest a person that has been suspected of committing a crime.
Police must tell the person why they are being arrested

Question 34

Entry search and seizure

Answer 34

Police need a warrant from the court before they can search a property
Example= Police and Criminal evidence act 1984. (PACE)

Question 35

Important information

Answer 35

The uk doesn’t have a national police force
The police service is operated in a regional way
There are 43 distinct police forces in the uk

Question 36

The role of the judiciary

Answer 36

Administer justice according to the law
Pass sentences on criminal cases
Make decisions in civil law cases

Question 37

Preside over court proceedings

Answer 37

Judges ensure that a court case follows agreed rules

Question 38

Interpret and apply the law

Answer 38

Judges have to interpret the law as drafted by parliament and apply it to the case under consideration

Question 39

Create case law

Answer 39

Where the law is unclear, judges have to make rulings

Question 40

Decide sentencing

Answer 40

Judges determine the sentence following the jury’s decision

Question 41

Powers of the judiciary

Answer 41

Can interpret the law
Power to control hearings and trials in their courtrooms
Following a decision by a jury they alone have the power to determine the sentence given