Right Realism Perspective

Question 1

What perspective is the Right realism perspective closely linked with?

Answer 1

New right perspective

Question 2

Generally what do right realists think criminality so associated with?

Answer 2

Dysfunctional groups

Question 3

Who generally do right resists think commit crime?

Answer 3

People from the lowest socioeconomic backgrounds

Question 4

What do right realists believe social order is dependant on(so do functionalists)

Answer 4

The creation of s value consensus but they disagree that crime is functional and regard it as having a negative effect on society

Question 5

What do right realists think an orderly society should have?

Answer 5

As little crime as possible and general population should have the right to live without fear

Question 6

What do right realists raise concern about?

Answer 6

That our value consensus is being increasingly under minded by particular groups within society who seek to challenge social and legal rules for their own selfish and dysfunctional groups

Question 7

What is the biological theory?

Answer 7

The problem lies in biology; some people are more prone to behaving in criminal ways e.g traits such as aggressiveness, extraversion, risk taking and low impulse control put some people at greater risk of offending

Question 8

Evaluation of biology theory?

Answer 8

Biology can only account for certain types of criminality be.g crimes of violence and does not explain crimes that may be committed for rational reasons e.g for financial or material gain.

Question 9

What is the control theory?

Answer 9

Institutions used to encourage a sense of social control and social cohesion no longer have the authority that they move had and leads to decline in behaviour as people’s selfishness is able to flourish

Question 10

Who developed the general control theory and has their own control theory?

Answer 10

Hirschi

Question 11

What does herschi propose?

Answer 11

Members of society who lack the usual forms of control in their lives are more likely to commit crime

Question 12

What is herschi’s control theory?

Answer 12

High amounts of control (e.g family commitments, a good job and good social life) result in a low change of turning to crime as there is too much to loose however if someone has low control and has no family or relationship commitments ad are unemployed there is a high chance they will turn to crime as there is more to gain than to loose.

Question 13

Limitations of the claim that crime is caused by a lack of control over a person?

Answer 13

This theory ignores many types of crime including those committed in the domestic sphere and in those in the work place

Question 14

Who came up with the rational choice theory??

Answer 14

Clarke

Question 15

What is the rational choice theory?

Answer 15

When a person decides to commit a crime it is unlikely to be done in the spur of the moment and so people deliberately commit crime after making a rational decision based on weighing up the costs and rewards and if rewards outweigh the possible risks they will be more likely to commit

Question 16

According to clarke in his region choice theory what are the possible risks of crime?

Answer 16

Imprisonment, relationships and social status

Question 17

According to Clarke in his rational choice theory what are the possible rewards of crime?

Answer 17

Money, status amongst peers, power, changing outdated laws

Question 18

Evaluation of clarke’s rational choice theory?

Answer 18

This theory fails to explain irrational crimes of spontaneous e.g violence or crimes committed under the influence of drugs.

Question 19

Who’s theory is the under class theory?

Answer 19

Charles Murray

Question 20

What is the underclass theory?

Answer 20

The idea that there exists a growing underclass within society who are the root cause of many problems.

Question 21

According to Charles Murray who are the underclass?

Answer 21

A group beneath the respectable working class; lone parent famalies and the long term unemployed who abuse state welfare and usually have perverse incentives

Question 22

According to Charles Murray why are the underclass prone to deviance?

Answer 22

The underclass produce criminal behaviour in bits who lack a male role model and seek status from deviant subcultures

Question 23

What is a limitation of Charles Murray?

Answer 23

The theory ignored other factors such as survival or boredom

Question 24

I general evaluation, why are right realists perspectives considered useful

Answer 24

Addresses some of the more realistic reasons as to why people may turn to crime

Question 25

What right realists emphasise?

Answer 25

Crime is a choice and they stress that criminals need to take more responsibility for their actions

Question 26

What do Rex and Tomlinson argue about the underclass in evaluation?

Answer 26

They argue that the underclass does exist but disagree that it is a deviant subculture that is devoted to deviant behaviour they argue that the poor subscribe to the same values as everyone and their poverty could be caused by factors beyond their control e.g economic recessions / government policies and material factors play a bigger role in criminality.

Question 27

What was Charlesworths study? In relation to Charles murrays underclass Rex and Tomlinsons evaluation

Answer 27

A participant observation of a poverty stricken council estate in Rotherham

Question 28

What did Charlesworths find in his study of Rotherham

Answer 28

Poverty is not chosen or glamorous, it causes feelings of hopelessness and causes health issues such as mental health problems and suicidal behaviour and therefore reasons for crime may be more complex than right realists think

Question 29

In evaluation what do Marxists say about right realist perspectives?

Answer 29

Marxists argue that Right realists ignore potential social or structure factors that may lead to more working class people turning to a lifestyle of crime and disregard crimes committed by the middle class.

Question 30

No evaluation what do post modernists argue?

Answer 30

Postmodernist a argue that crime may be spontaneous and can be carried out in the spur of the moment especially youth crime and herschi’s and clarke’s theories are over rational