Rib DSA Flashcards
What does the rib head articulate with?
superior costal facet (own vertebra) and inferior costal facet (vertebra above)
What is the rib neck?
area between the head and the tubercle
Define tubercle
articulates with the transverse process of corresponding vertebra
Define rib angle
abrupt change in rib curvature
Which ribs only articulate with their own vertebrae?
1, 10, 11, 12
Which ribs do not have tubercles and therefore do not articulate with transverse processes?
11, 12
What ribs are considered atypical?
1, 2, 11, 12 (sometimes 10)
What ribs are called typical?
3-9 (sometimes 10)
Which ribs are true ribs?
1-7
cartilage attaches to sternum
Which ribs are false ribs?
8-12
8-10 cartilages attaches to costal cartilage of the rib above
Which ribs are floating ribs?
11-12
no anterior attachment
Insertion and action of anterior scalene
superior surface of 1st rib
side bends and rotates neck (unilateral), flexes neck (bilateral)
Insertion and action of middle scalene
superior surface of 1st rib
lateral flexion of neck
Insertion and action of posterior scalene
2nd rib
elevates 2nd rib, lateral flexion of neck
Origin and action of pectoralis minor
anterior superior surface of ribs 3,4,5,
stabilizes scapula
Insertion and action of serratus anterior
superior lateral surface of ribs 2-8
protracts scapula
Origin and action of Latissimus Dorsi
lower 4 ribs
extends, adducts, medially rotates humerus
Insertion and action of Quadratus Lumborum
inferior aspect of rib 12
extends and laterally flexes the vertebral column
fixes the 12th rib in inhalation
Action of external intercostals
elevate ribs during forced inspiration
Action of internal intercostals
depression of ribs
Action of innermost intercostals
depression of ribs
action of diaphragm
descends during inspiration
Mnemonic for scalenes
I get up at 1 AM 2 P
Anterior- elevates 1st rib
Middle- elevates 1st rib
Posterior- elevates 2nd rib
Where are the veins, artery and nerve found?
VAN under the rib; found between the internal intercostal muscle and innermost intercostal muscle
Motion of anterior posterior rib axis
bucket handle
Motion of functional transverse rib axis
pump handle
Which ribs move in a bucket handle motion?
1-2
8-10
move superiorly and laterally
increase transverse diameter
Which ribs move in a pump handle motion?
3-7
superiorly and anteriorly
increase AP diameter
Which ribs move in a caliper motion?
11, 12
downward and posterior with inhalation
upward and superior with exhalation
What happens to the left 6th rib when T5 is rotated to the left?
posterior aspect turns externally
anterior extremity more flat with its inferior border sharp
What happens to the right 6th rib when T5 is rotated to the left?
posterior aspect rib turns internally
anterior extremity having its superior margin accentuated
Example of torsional movment
take deep breath in, let it out
turn to the left, take a deep breath in, let it out
note difference in the amount of air you can take in
What happens in physiologic movement?
trauma
rib becomes dislocated
abnormal hypermobility
one or more of the ribs lose the usual plasticity and become restricted in a deformed state
Define inhalation SD
rib being placed in a position of inhalation such that motion toward inhalation is more free and motion toward exhalation is restricted
Exhalation SD
exhalation motion more free
inhalation motion restricted
Key rib for inhalation SD
bottom of the group holds others up
Key rib for exhalation SD
top of the group pushes others down
Causes of rib dysfunction
- scoliosis or kyphosis
- rib cage asymmetries
- bone disease
- increased chest wall diameter (COPD)
- effects of abnormal tensions in cervical, rotator cuff, or shoulder musculature
- trauma
- lifestyle and affective states
