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GCSE Music > Rhythms of the World > Flashcards

Rhythms of the World Flashcards

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1
Q

Name some features of Indian Classical Music.

A 
tala
raga
pitch-bend
improvisation
call and response
ornamentation
drone
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2
Q

Name some features of Bhangra.

A

chaal
Voices are usually male and with a backing chorus, often with call-and-response.
Punjabi language
vocal lines often follow the chaal
‘hoi!’ shouted by backing singers
ornamentation, slides and microtonal intervals

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3
Q

chaal

A

rhythm pattern in Bhangra

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4
Q

dhol

A

double-headed drum used to play the chaal

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5
Q

harmonium

A

small reed-organ used to play melodic ideas

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6
Q

sarangi

A

violin-type instrument

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7
Q

tala

A

a repeated rhythm pattern, including accents and silent beats

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8
Q

tabla

A

a pair of drums used to play the tala, controlling the tempo and developing very fast and complex rhythm patterns

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9
Q

raga

A

a scale pattern forming the basis for melodic ideas, each with a different mood

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10
Q

sitar

A

a large string instrument which plays the raga; sympathetic strings give a drone effect

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11
Q

pitch-bend

A

bending the strings to give a microtonal effect

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12
Q

tanpura

A

long-necked plucked instrument providing a continuous drone

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13
Q

sarod

A

similar to a sitar but with a deeper tone quality

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14
Q

bansuri

A

flute-type instrument

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15
Q

Name some instruments used in Indian Classical Music.

A 
tabla
sitar
tanpura
sarod
bansuri
sarangi
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16
Q

Name some instruments used in Bhangra.

A

dhol
vocals
harmonium
sometimes, sitar and tabla

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17
Q

Name some features of Greek Music.

A 
irregular metres and beat grouping
simple time signatures with syncopation
repeated melodic ideas
melodies in 3rds (parallel melodies)
stepwise melodic ideas
clear phrasing and clear overall structure - often verse/chorus
if voices are used, they are usually solo in the verses and group for the chorus
ornamentation, slides and tremolos
melody and accompaniment texture
tonic/dominant bass notes
off-beat accompanying chords
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18
Q

Name some instruments used in Greek Music.

A 
bouzouki
violin
flute
guitar
percussion (tambourine/defi)
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19
Q

bouzouki

A

a high-pitched, plucked string instrument

20
Q

Name some features of Israeli Music.

A 
influenced by folk music
irregular rhythms and metres with irregular beat grouping
syncopation
modal and microtonal melodic ideas
stepwise melodic shapes
clear phrasing and structure
minor keys
guttural, throaty and nasal singing
21
Q

Name some instruments used in Israeli Music.

A 
oud
guitar
darbuka
tambourine
harp/lyre
accordion
horn
violin-type instruments
flute-type instruments
oboe-type instruments
22
Q

oud

A

a lute-type plucked instrument

23
Q

darbuka

A

a goblet-shaped hand drum

24
Q

accordion

A

a box-shaped wind instrument that is played by pressing down keys while squeezing and opening the bellows

25
Q

Name some features of Palestinian Music.

A 
irregular rhythms and metres with irregular beat grouping
wazn
modal and microtonal melodic ideas
improvised melodic ideas
ornamentation & slides
drone
stepwise melodic shapes
long phrases
26
Q

Name some instruments used in Palestinian Music.

A 
oud
doumbek
zither
violin-type instruments
flute-type instruments
27
Q

zither

A

a strummed or plucked instrument with strings stretched over a wooden frame

28
Q

wazn

A

a traditional Arabic rhythm pattern

29
Q

Name some features of African drumming.

A 
fast tempo
strong steady pulse
ostinati
polyrhytms
syncopation and off-beat accents
cross rhythms
triplet rhythms
30
Q

ostinato

A

a continuously repeated rhythm pattern

31
Q

polyrhythm

A

a texture created when two or more different rhythmic patterns are played at the same time

32
Q

cross rhythm

A

an effect when different/conflicting rhythm patterns are played together

33
Q

Name some instruments used in African drumming.

A 
djembe
talking drum
agogo bells
shekere
marimba
mbira
voices are often added
34
Q

djembe

A

a goblet-shaped drum played with hands to achieve a wide variety of timbre, pitch and volume

35
Q

talking drum

A

a drum that can be squeezed under the arm or between knees while playing to change the pitch, usually to imitate human speech

36
Q

shakere

A

a shaker made from a hollow gourd with beads attached

37
Q

marimba

A

a kind of wooden xylophone

38
Q

mbira

A

a thumb-piano

39
Q

Name some features of Calypso music.

A 
regular 4/4 metre
syncopation
(polyrhythms & cross-rhythms)
major key
melody and accompaniment texture (chordal)
repeated melodic ideas
stepwise melodic intervals, some chromaticism
ornamentation
verse/chorus structure
tonic/dominant bass notes
ostinato patterns in accompaniment
40
Q

Name some instruments used in Calypso music.

A 
banjo
guitar
mouth organ
bongos
congas
claves
maracas
41
Q

Name some features of samba.

A

a leader, who plays the repinique drum and gives signals using a whistle
regular 2/4 or 4/4 metre
ostinati
Latin American rhythms such as the son clave
syncopation
polyrhythms
cross rhythms
call and response
sudden stops during which players might whoop with high voices before continuing

42
Q

Name some instruments used in samba.

A 
repinique
surdo
tamborim
snare drums (caixa)
agogo bells
shakers
claves and wood blocks
43
Q

repinique

A

a tom-tom drum with a tight skin played with a wooden stick

high, strong and penetrating sound suitable for leading the ensemble

44
Q

surdo

A

large, deep resonating drum used for the rhythmic pulse, played with a soft beater and muted with the hand

45
Q

tamborim

A

small drum played with wooden or nylon beaters

46
Q

batacuda

A

a style of samba that is fast and repetitive

GCSE Music (12 decks)

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