Rhythm

Question 1

What is a measure of time in music?

Answer 1

Beats

Question 2

What is a musical tone?

Answer 2

A sound of a specific frequency

Question 3

How is pitch represented on a staff/stave?

Answer 3

Placing oval noteheads on different lines or spaces

Question 4

What is rhythm?

Answer 4

Regulated succession of strong and weak elements and made up of sounds and silences

Question 5

What are put together to form a pattern of sounds in a rhythmic pattern?

Answer 5

Loud and quiet elements

Question 6

Does a rhythm have a steady beat?

Answer 6

Yes

Question 7

What is tempo?

Answer 7

Speed or pace of a given piece

Question 8

What can tempo affect?

Answer 8

Mood and emotions

Difficulty of the piece

Question 9

What is tempo usually expressed in?

Answer 9

Beats per minute

Question 10

What emotions are associated with a fast tempo?

Answer 10

Happiness, excitement, delight, liveliness

Question 11

What emotions are induced by a slow tempo?

Answer 11

Sadness, depression, gravity

Question 12

Can the type of tempo evoke different emotions?

Answer 12

Yes

Question 13

What does the time signature of a piece inform us of?

Answer 13

Specifies how many beats are in each bar and which note value is equivalent to one beat

Question 14

Where is the time signature written?

Answer 14

At the beginning of the staff (stave) after the clef and the key signature

Question 15

What do time signatures consist of?

Answer 15

Two numbers, written like a fraction

Question 16

What does the top number of a time signature tell you?

Answer 16

Tells you how many beats to count

Question 17

What does the bottom number of a time signature tell you?

Answer 17

Tells you what kind of note to count (e.g., quaver, crotchet, minim, semibrieve)

Question 18

What is another word for metric level?

Answer 18

Beat level

Question 19

Why do we divide music into bars?

Answer 19

Allows easy reference points to pinpoint locations within a score

Makes written music easier to follow - each bar can be played as a group/batch

Question 20

How many beats in a bar do most Western pieces have?

Answer 20

4 crotchet beats (4/4)

Question 21

Is bodily music to the sound of music universal?

Answer 21

Yes. Does not require musical training. Especially 2/4 and 4/4 - humans are bipeds. Can walk very easily to this beat.

Question 22

Which time signatures are common in Western music and why are they easy to follow?

Answer 22

4/4 and 2/4. Simple and even/regular. Beat levels contain even divisions of time and sequential intervals. Humans are bipeds.

Question 23

What cultures have odd, complex, irregular time signatures?

Answer 23

South Asia, Africa, Middle East, Eastern Europe

Question 24

Are there cross-cultural differences in the ability to perceive irregular time signatures?

Answer 24

Yes. Produced inaccurately by Western listeners, unless they are professional musicians.

Question 25

Are there cross-cultural differences in the ability to perceive irregular time signatures?

Answer 25

Yes. Produced inaccurately by Western listeners, unless they are professional musicians.

Western listeners tend to assimilate irregular time signatures towards simpler, more familiar patterns.

Question 26

Does time signature vary cross culturally?

Answer 26

Yes

Question 27

What are examples of irregular time signatures?

Answer 27

7/8, 9/8, 11/8, 15/16

Question 28

What did a study on Western and Turkish infants find regarding time signature preference?

Answer 28

Preferential looking times were measured

4-8 month year-old Western infants preferred Western time signature

Turkish infants of the same age prefer both Turkish and Western time signatures

Suggests that Western music is not unfamiliar in Turkish culture

Question 29

Can infants be exposed to music prenatally?

Answer 29

Yes

Question 30

Do we have a clear conclusion whether time signature is a meter of nature or nurture?

Answer 30

No