Rhone Valley, SW France, Languedoc, Roussillon, Corsica Flashcards
Describe the wines of Coteaux de Die AOP.
Whites based on Clairette (100%)
How many communes are part of Cotes du Roussillon-Villages AOP? How many may appened their name? Which?
- 32 communes
- 4 communes
- Latour-de-France
- Caramany
- Lesquerde
- Tautavel
What region has more acres under vine than any other in the world?
Languedoc-Roussillon
What are the Rasteau vin doux naturel labeling terms?
Oxidative - aged min 3 yrs
- Ambré - white
- Tuilé - red
Fresher
- Blanc - white
- Grenat - red
Rancio
- maderized
- open barrels
- left in the sun
“Hors d’Age” - min 5 yrs of age
What is the subzone of Cotes du Roussillon?
Les Apres
-Reds based on Syrah & Mourvèdre
Where is the Patrimonio AOP?
Corsica
What are the permitted methods of production for Gaillac Mousseux?
- Traditional method
- Méthode Gaillaçoise - a variant of méthode ancestrale
Where and what is Buzet AOP?
- South of Bergerac
- Red, white, rosé - Bordeaux varieties
What are the main grapes of Corsica?
(All Indigenous)
- Nielluccio - Sangiovese variant
- Sciacarello
- Vermentino
What color wines can be Cotes de Provence AOP?
- Red
- White
- Rosé - 75% of ouput
Where and what is Cotes de Marmandais AOP?
South of Bergerac
- Red, white, rosé
- Bordeaux varieties w/a compliment of local grapes
What color wines can be Corbieres AOP?
Red, white, rosé
What is the climate of the Rhone Valley?
- N. Rhone - more continental
- S. Rhone - Mediterranean
What is the local term used for vintage in Banyuls?
rimage
Which N. Rhone appellation is shielded from “le mistrale”?
Cornas
Where is Banyuls AOP?
Roussillon - southernmost, appellation in continental France
What appellation in France produces varietal Fer wines?
Marcillac AOP - min 90%
Which of Corbières sub-zones was promoted?
Corbières-Boutenac - Carignan-based red wines
Where is Pierrevert AOP and what color are the wines?
(Outlying) S. Rhone - North of Provence
-Red, rosé, white
What N. Rhone appellations allow for blending Viognier w/ Syrah?
Côte Rôtie only
Who makes 90% of the wine labeled as Muscat de Beaume-de-Venise AOP?
A local co-operative, the Vignerons de Beaumes-de-Venise
Who revived Hermitage Vin de Paille?
- Gerard Chave in the 1970s
- Chapoutier more recently
What color wines does St-Joseph produce? From what grapes?
Red - Syrah, max 10% combined Marsanne, Roussanne
White - Marsanne and/or Roussanne
What 4 lieux-dits is Cornas divided into?
- Les Reynards
- La Côte
- Les Chaillot
- Les Mazards
When was Vacqueyras promoted from CDR-Villages AOP?
1990
What are the requirements for Branyuls Grand Cru AOP?
- Min 75% Grenache Noir
- Min 30 months in barrel
What color can Beaume-de-Venise be? From what grapes?
Red - min 50% Grenache
What is required for Cotes de Bergerac AOP?
-Bergerac delimited zone but it requires a higher min abv
What 18 communes may append their name to Côtes du Rhone-Villages AOP?
- Caranne
- Chusclan
- Gadagne (2012)
- Laudan
- Massif d’Uchaux
- Plan de Dieu
- Puyméras
- Roaix
- Rochegude
- Rousset les Vignes
- Sablet
- St-Gervais
- St-Maurice
- St-Pantaleon-les-Vignes
- Ségut
- Signargues
- Valréas
- Visan
What is the style and varieties of Tavel?
Rosé - regarded as France’s premiere rosé appellation
-Grenache based and dry
When did the Roman Catholic Popes reside in Avignon?
1309-1378
Where is Faugères AOP? What color wines?
Languedoc - red, white, rosé
What color wines can be Pécharmant AOP?
Blended reds
-The longest-lived wines from Bergerac
Name 3 excellent producers of Bandol.
- Domaine Tempier
- Chateau Pibarnon
- Chateau Pradeaux
What is the physically smallest red wine appellation of the N. Rhone?
Cornas - although Hermitage produces less wine
-Just over 100ha planted
Where is Rosette AOP?
Sweet wine AOP of Bergerac
Where is Haut-Montravel AOP?
Sweet wine AOP of Bergerac
Where is vin doux naturel produced in the S. Rhone?
- Rasteau AOP
- Muscat de Beaume-de-Venise AOP
What is Clairette de Bellegarde AOP?
A single-commune appellation within Costières de Nîmes, produces white wines from the Clairette grape
What is the encépagement of Chateau Rayas?
100% Grenache
What does “Hors d’Age” mean on a Rivesaltes label?
Aged min 5 yrs
-In practice, they may receive up to 20 yrs aging prior to release
(Tuilé or Ambré only)
What is the soil known as in Cornas?
“Gore” - naked granite
What are the authorized grapes of Chateauneuf-du-Pape?
- Grenache (Noir/Blanc/Gris)
- Mourvèdre
- Cinsault
- Counoise
- Picpoul (Noir/Blanc/Gris)
- Terret Noir
- Bourboulenc
- Clairette/Clairette Rosé
- Roussanne
- Vaccarèse
- Picardin
- Muscardin
What is the most full-bodied, richest, and consistently quality-minded VDN appellation in France?
Banyuls AOP
What is the premiere producer of Les Baux de Provence AOP?
Domaine de Trévallon
-1995 AOC promotion left the estate to release its Cabernet-based wines as “Vin de Pays”
What are the sub-zones of Cotes de Provence?
- La Londe
- Pierrefeu
- Sainte-Victoire
- Fréjus
What advantages does co-fermentation offer?
Stabilizing red wine color and moderating tannin extraction
What color wines can Crozes-Hermitage be? From what grapes?
- Red - Syrah, max 15% combined Marsanne/Roussanne
- Blanc - Marsanne and/or Roussanne
Where is Cabardès AOP? What color wines are produced?
- Languedoc
- Red & Rosé (Grenache/Syrah/Major Bordeaux Varieties)
What sub-zone of Minervois received full appellation status for reds in 1999?
Minervois-La Livinière
Where is Palette AOP?
Provence
What do “Rivesaltes” mean?
“High River” in Catalan tongue
What is the aging requirement for Rivesaltes Tuilé?
Aged in an oxidative environment until at least March 1 of the 3rd year following harvest
Where is the Cassis AOP?
Provence
Who owns Chateau Grillet?
Neyret-Gachet which was purchased by François Pinault 2011
What are the appellations of the Dordogne?
- Bergerac
- Cotes de Bergerac
- Pécharmant
- Montravel
- Haut-Montravel
- Cotes de Montravel
- Rosette
- Saussignac
- Monbazillac
What are the sweet wine appellations of Bergerac?
- Monbazillac AOP
- Saussignac AOP
- Rosette AOP
- Haut-Montravel AOP
- Cotes Montravel AOP
What is the difference between these AOPs: Haut-Montravel, Cotes de Montravel, and Montravel?
- Montravel - dry reds & dry whites
- Haut- and Cotes-Montravel have the exact same reqs (VDN whites)
- All 3 are separate delimited zones:
- Cotes - northernmost
- Haut - middle
- Montravel - southernmost
What appellation of Provence has been pushing for organic mandated farming?
Les Baux de Provence AOP
What is Le Rapé?
- CdP Producers must discard 2% of harvest grapes
- safeguards against under-ripeness
- Mandated by AOP regulations
What communes can grapes for Muscat de Beaume-de-Venise AOP be sourced?
- Beaume-de-Venise
- Aubignon
What AOP mandates Negrette?
Fronton AOP
Where is St-Chinian AOP? What color wine is produced there?
Languedoc - red, rosé, & white
white is a recent addition
What colors and from what grapes are produced under the Patrimonio AOP?
White - Vermentino
Red/Rosé - Nielluccio
When were the vineyards of Gaillac AOP established?
SW France
-By the Romans of ancient Gaul in the 1st century CE, are among France’s oldest
What is the aging req for Rivesaltes Grenat?
Aged reductively for 1 yr
-Must be bottled before March 1 of the 2nd yr following harvest
What color wine can be Languedoc AOP?
- Red - min 50% combined Grenache, Syrah, Mourvèdre, Lladoner Pelut
- Rosé
- White
Who are the 4 main producers of Hermitage?
-Jean-Louis Chave (singular producer)
Negociants:
- Delas
- M. Chapoutier
- Paul Jaboulet
What sparkling wine AOP of Limoux favors Chard & Chenin Blanc?
Crémant de Limoux
What are the major cities of the Southern Rhone?
- Montelimar (north)
- Avignon (South-Central)
- Nîmes (Southwest)
Describe the wines of Cremant de Die AOP.
Sparkling - does not req 100% Clairette
Where is Coteaux Varois?
Provence - Coteaux Varois en Provence
What region of the S. Rhone adjoins the S. Rhone, Provence & Languedoc?
Costières de Nîmes AOP
What AOP of the S. Rhone was formerly considered an appellation of the Languedoc?
Costières de Nîmes AOP
-Changed in 2004
What vin doux naturel colors can Rasteau AOP be?
White, Rosé, & Red
-Based on Grenache (Noir/Blanc/Gris)
What AOP represents over 90% of France’s fortified wine?
Rivesaltes AOP
Where is Cotes de Montravel AOP?
Sweet wine AOP of Bergerac
Where is Cotes du Vivarais AOP? Color of wines?
S. Rhone - red, rosé, & white
What wine may be labeled “Muscat de Nöel”?
Rivesaltes vin doux naturel - Muscat Blanc à Petits Grains & Muscat d’Alexandrie
-Christmas wines that must be bottled no later than Dec 1 of the yr of harvest
Who has long been considered the bearer of traditional wines for Cornas?
Auguste Clape
What are the two distinct, non-contiguous sectors of Fitou AOP?
- Fitou Maritime
- Fitou Montagneux
Where did Rasteu’s labeling terms come from?
In 2011, Rasteau vignerons adopted the labeling terms from Rivesaltes in Roussillon
What colors, from what grapes, can Les Beaux de Provence AOP be?
Red & Rosé
-Based on Grenache, Syrah, & Cinsault
White (added in 2011)
-Based on Grenache Blanc, Vermentino, Clairette, Roussanne
What are the Gaillac “Premières Côtes” for?
The appellation exists for the dry whites of eleven communes
What are the sweet whites of Gaillac labeled?
Gaillac Doux
What are the two sub-zone designations of St-Chinian AOP?
- Berlou
- Roquebrun
What areas of the N. Rhone are defined by heat-retaining granitic and schistous soils?
- Côte-Rôtie
- Condrieu
- Hermitage
What are the appellations of Corsica?
- Vin de Corse
- Muscat du Cap Corse
- Ajaccio
- Patrimonio
What color wines are permitted for Limoux?
Red & White
What river is Cahors located on? Where is Cahors?
- Lot River
- Southwest France
What is the northernmost appellation of the N. Rhone?
Côte-Rôtie
Where is Madiran AOP?
In Gascony in Sw France
What is the thin topsoil that is powdery, decomposed micah in Condrieu?
Arzelle
What grapes can Rivesaltes Ambré, Tuilé, and Rosé be?
Grenache (Blanc, Noir, Gris), Tourbat, Macabeu
-max 20% combined Muscat à Petit Grains & Muscat d’Alexandria
What is a major set back for St-Joseph?
The appellation’s borders have greatly enlarged from the original delimited area
What styles of wine can St-Peray be? From what grapes?
- Exclusively whites - Marsanne & Roussanne
- Marsane - broader, oily texture, marzipan character
- Roussanne - more delicate, adds acidity, waxy minerality
- Can produce mousseux
- méthode traditionelle
What variant of Muscat is used for Muscat du Cap Corse AOP?
Muscat à Petits Grains Blanc
What style of wines are Cotes du Roussillon?
Dry red, white and rosé
Describe the wines of Clairette de Die AOP?
- Two sparkling styles
- Méthode Traditionelle
- Clairette is traditional
- max 15 g/L RS
- Méthode Dioise Ancestrale
- Rustic sparkler
- Muscat contain 75% Muscat à Petits Grains
- Min 35g/L RS (implying demi-sec)
What is the only appellation in France to focus on Mourvèdre?
Bandol AOP
-Min 50% Mourvèdre - blended w/Grenache, Cinsault (and to a lesser extent Syrah & Carignan)
Where is Pécharmant AOP?
Bergerac
Where is Saussignac AOP?
Sweet wine AOP of Bergerac
Where is Chateau Simone?
Palette AOP (Provence)
What are unfortified red, rosé, and whites from Banyuls?
Colliure AOP
Where and what is Côtes de Duras AOP?
South of Bergerac
Red, white & rosé
-Bordeaux varieties
What 5 grapes represent the bulk of red & rosé of Cotes de Provence?
- Cinsault
- Grenache
- Mourvèdre
- Syrah
- Tibouren (local, garrigue scented)
What are the important climats of Hermitage?
- La Chapelle
- L’Hermite
- Le Méal
- Les Bressards
- Gréffieux
- Beaume
- Péléat
What is unique about the wines of Chateau de Beaucastel?
- Dominated by Mourvèdre
- Produced from every authorized variety
What are the two major cities of the Northern Rhone?
Vienne & Valence
Where is Bandol AOP located?
Provence
Where is the Bellet AOP?
Provence
Describe the white still wines of Limoux.
Based on Chard, Chenin, and Mauzac
-Must be barrel fermented
What color wines does Cassis AOP produce?
Red, white, rosé
-Clairette and Marsanne account for the better wines
What are the grapes of Madiran?
Based on Tannat, plus CF, CS, and Fer
When was Vinsobres promoted from CDR-Villages?
2006
What 4 appellations shared CDP’s min potential ABV for reds?
- Gigondas
- Vacqueyras
- Beaume-de-Venise
- Vinsobres
What is Rolle?
A local synonym for Italian Vermentino in Bellet AOP
Where was micro-oxygenation developed? Why?
Madiran
-Patrick Ducournau developed micro-oxygenation in the 1990s to soften the blow of Tannat
What is the production method for Muscat de Beaume-de-Venise AOP?
Fermentation is arrested through mutage
-adding pure grape spirit to arrest fermentation in a proportion of 5-10%
What does the Papel Crest indicate? What does the “La Mitrale” indicate? Who first released an estate-bottled CDP wine?
- It indicates that the wines were bottled in the area and they are a member of the Federation
- It indicates that they are a member of the SIDVAOC
- Ch. La Nerthe released the first estate-bottled CDP wines in 1785
What was phylloxera’s doorway to France? When?
Lirac - 1863
Who are the 3 producers helping with the resurgence of Condrieu?
- Georges Varnay
- Yves Cuilleron
- André Perret
What color wines may CDR and CDR-Villages be?
Both - red, white, rosé
What color wines does Cornas produce? From what grapes?
Red only - 100% Syrah
Where is Monbazillac AOP?
Bergerac
What is rimage?
Local term for vintage in Banyuls
What color wines (what grapes) are produced under the Ajaccio AOP?
Red/Rosé - min 40% Sciacarello
White - min 80% Vermentino
What color wines does Gigondas produce?
Red & Rosé
- min 50% Grenache
- Typically blended w/Syrah & Mourvèdre
- Other Rhone varieties may be planted - up to max 10% (except Carignan)
Where and what is Marcillac AOP?
SW France (East of Cahors)
min 90% Fer (red)
Where are the Rhone River’s headwaters?
Switzerland
Where is Jurançon AOP?
Pyrénées-Atlantique department, in the SW of France
What styles can be Rivesaltes AOP?
- Ambré (Amber)
- Tuilé (Tawny)
- Grenat (Red)
- Rosé
- Rancio
What colors can Hermitage be? From what grapes?
Red - Syrah, max 15% combined Marsanne, Roussanne
White - Marsanne and/or Roussanne
Vin de Paille - Marsanne and/or Roussanne
What is Fer?
A local red grape in the SW of France
What appellation was formerly known as Cotes du Tricastin?
Grignan-les-Adhémar AOP
-Rebranded in 2010 to avoid unsavory association with Tricastin nuclear plant
When was Gigondas promoted from CDR-Villages AOP?
1971
What was Fronton AOP formerly known as?
Côtes de Frontonnais
What AOP is based on Gamay, Aligoté, and Chardonnay in the Rhone Valley?
Châtillon-en-Diois AOP
- Red & Rosé - Gamay based
- Whites - based on Chard & Aligoté
What is the southernmost appellation in continental France?
Banyuls AOP
What is the only permitted method to make rosé for still wines in France?
saignage
What is the most notable sweet wine appellation of Bergerac?
Monbazillac AOP
What variety is Rivesaltes Grenat?
Grenache Noir
Where is Fitou AOP? When was it promoted?
Languedoc
-1948 - one of the region’s oldest appellations
Where is Malepère AOP? What color wines are produced there?
- Languedoc
- Red - min 50% Merlot
- Rosé - min 50% CF
- Promoted in 2006
How large is Chateau Grillet?
3.5ha
What sparkling AOP of the Northern Rhone allows for the ancestrale method? What is the min % varietal?
Clairette de Die AOP
-min 75% Muscat à Petit Grains