Rhode Island Family Law Distinctions Flashcards
In Rhode Island, what can happen if a marriage is called off?
Rhode Island recognizes a cause of action for “breach of promise to marry.”
In Rhode Island, what remedies are available for a breach of promise to marry?
- loss of benefits she would have enjoyed as a spouse
- financial loss
- damages for humiliation or health impairment
What model statutes has Rhode Island adopted relating to family law?
RI has adopted:
- Uniform Premarital Agreement Act
- Uniform Divorce Recognition Act
- Uniform Interstate Family Support Act
- Uniform Child Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement Act
- Uniform Law on Paternity
RI has NOT adopted:
- Uniform Parentage Act
What is the marriage license requirement in Rhode Island?
In RI, persons intending to marry must:
(1) personally obtain a license
(2) from the clerk of the town or city
(a) where either party resides or,
(b) if both parties are nonresidents, then
where the marriage is to be performed.
(3) produce an authenticated copy of any divorce decree
(4) declare intent to marry
What are not required to obtain a marriage license in Rhode Island?
Rhode Island does NOT require:
- blood tests
- physical examinations
- waiting periods
How many witnesses are required at the marrage ceremony?
At least 2 witnesses other than the officiant
Does Rhode Island recognize common law marriage?
Yes
What is required to establish a common law marriage under Rhode Island law?
It is not enough to show a long term, loving, committed relationship, cohabited, and an economic partnership.
(1) The parties must show by clear and convincing evidence that they “seriously intended to enter into the husband-wife relationship.”
(2) Their conduct also must be of such a character as to “lead to a belief in the community that they were married”.
(3) Inferences may be drawn from from cohabitation, declarations, and reputation among kindred and friends.
Does Rhode Island recognize putative marriages?
Yes
What is required to establish a putative marriage in Rhode Island?
Although the marriage is in valid, it will be deemed a putative marriage if the parties engaged in a marriage ceremony on the good faith belief in the marriage’s validity.
What is the difference between common law marriage and putative marriage?
A putative marriage is created an attempt to get properly marriage through formalities that were technically flawed, unbeknownst the the spouses; a common law marriage is a genuine commitment to be a married couple without formalities or ceremony.
[Know this concept - don’t memorize.]
In Rhode Island, when is a prenuptial agreement not enforced?
When shown by clear an convincing evidence that it is unconscionable as a matter of law.
Where are domestic abuse proceedings heard in Rhode Island?
either:
- family court in the county where plaintiff resides, or
- district court in county where plaintiff resides
In Rhode Island, where do appeals from the family get taken?
directly to the RI Supreme Court
What relief can Rhode Island family courts award in a domestic abuse case?
- custody
- child support
- order defendant to vacate the family home
- order defendant to surrender firearms in his possession
- issue other protective order
For how long can any relief by the Rhode Island family court be ordered?
any relief granted may not exceed 3 years
What is the punishment for violation of a domestic protective order in Rhode Island?
A violation of a protective order is punishable by:
- fine
- imprisonment or
- both
In Rhode Island, what rules apply to testimony by one spouse against the other spouse in (a) civil, (b) divorce/property division, and (c) criminal cases?
In civil cases: spouses can testify against one another, but neither spouse is permitted to give incriminating testimony or to disclose communications made during the marriage.
In divorce/property division cases: the spouses CAN giving incriminating testimony or disclose communications.
In criminal cases: a spouse’s testimony is admissible but the testifying spouse must offer himself as a witness.
What fault-based grounds for divorce exist in Rhode Island?
(1) impotency
(2) adultery
(3) extreme cruelty
(4) willful dessertion
(5) continued drunkenness
(6) drug abuse
(7) neglect
(8) gross misbehavior and wickedness
In Rhode Island, when is a divorce granted because of civil or presumed death?
when one spouse is
- deemed “civilly dead” as a result of imprisonment or criminal activity, or
- presumed “actually dead” because of absence or other circumstances
In Rhode Island, when is a divorce granted because of willful desertion?
willful desertion = spouse left without good cause and has not returned for a period of at least 5 years, or for a shorter period in the court’s discretion
In Rhode Island, when is a divorce granted because of neglect?
(1) neglect and refusal
(2) for at least 1 year prior to filing the petition
(3) by the husband
(4) to provide necessaries for his wife’s subsistence
(5) the husband being of sufficient ability
[may be enforced against a wife to the extent reasonably practical]
In Rhode Island, when is a divorce granted because gross misbehavior and wickedness?
gross misbehavior and wickedness is conduct repugnant to the marriage covenant
In Rhode Island, when is a divorce granted because of physical separation?
Physical separation is a “no fault” ground for divorce in Rhode Island. It is established where:
(1) the parties lived apart
(2) for at least 3 years
(3) voluntarily or involuntarily, and
(4) usual relations that exist between married persons, including intercourse, do not continue
In Rhode Island, when is a divorce granted because of an irremediable breakdown?
Rhode Island permits a “no fault” divorce when the spouses have irreconcilable differences which have caused the irremediable breakdown of the marriage.
In Rhode Island, what evidentiary limitation is there in a divorce proceeding based on an irremediable breakdown of the marriage?
Specific acts of misconduct are inadmissible on the issue of whether there has been an irremediable breakdown of the marriage but may be admitted concerning child custody and family support.
In Rhode Island when is divorce granted for drug abuse?
based on habitual, excessive, and intemperate use of opium, morphine, or chloral
What are the no-fault grounds for divorce in Rhode Island?
(1) physical separation
(2) irreconcilable differences
In Rhode Island, how is the plaintiff’s uncorroborated testimony treated in a divorce proceeding?
The court may in its discretion grant a divorce on plaintiff’s testimony alone if the acts giving rise to divorce are such that the plaintiff could not ordinarily produce corroborating testimony.
What defenses to fault-based divorce are available in Rhode Island?
- “Collusion of the parties” to procure the divorce
- Condonation of past acts (at least for acts of extreme cruelty)
- “Recrimination” - where the petitioner is not free from fault or provoked domestic discord
In Rhode Island, what is the personal jurisdictional requirement to grant a divorce decree?
Either the petitioner or defendant must have been a Rhode Island domiciled inhabitant and resident for one year before the complaint is filed.
If a person leaves Rhode Island to engage in military service, what is the effect on the person’s domicile?
Rhode Island continues as the person’s domicile during military service and for 30 days thereafter.
What subject matters do the Rhode Island family court have jurisdiction over?
Original:
- divorce proceedings and allowance motions
- family support
- child custody
Ancillary:
- other matters arising from the petition, such as partitions, accountings, receiverships, asset sequestration, resulting and constructive trusts, trust impressions, and other equitable matters
When does the Rhode Island family court’s ancillary jurisdiction expire?
when a final decree is entered, with the exception of partitions of real estate held by spouses as tenants by the entirety, which lasts for 6 months after the entry of final decree
What venue is proper for a divorce proceeding in Rhode Island?
- in county where plaintiff resides, unless complaint is based on defendant’s residence
- if based on defendant’s residence, then in Providence county or the county where defendant resides
On what grounds can a Rhode Island family court transfer venue, even though venue is proper?
The family court may transfer venue:
(1) to Providence County family court if trial would require at least 3 days of hearings
(2) to any other county for convenience
In a divorce petition in Rhode Island, what is the notice requirement?
Defendant must:
(a) be personally served with process in the state,
(b) be served with personal notice, duly authenticated, out of state,
(c) enter an appearance in the case, or
(d) be noticed by publication if authorized by the court.
In Rhode Island, when does the court authorize a defendant in a divorce proceeding to be noticed of the action by publication?
When plaintiff:
- does not know the defendant’s address, and
- has not been able to ascertain it
- after reasonable inquiry and search for 6 months
In Rhode Island, if a defendant is noticed of a divorce action by publication, what power does the court have?
The court can grant a divorce but cannot bind the defendant to personally pay any sum of money or do any other affirmative act.
When will Rhode Island not give full faith and credit to a divorce decree obtained in another jurisdiction?
if both spouses were domiciled in Rhode Island at the time divorce proceedings commenced
What is the trial requirement for divorce in Rhode Island?
In Rhode Island, a divorce decree requires a trial before court in open session and cannot be entered solely on the basis of:
- admissions in pleadings or
- default.
In Rhode Island, when is a divorce petition heard after filing?
not until at least 60 days after filing