Rhinology

Question 1

Frontal infundibular cell classification (Bent and Kuhn)

Answer 1

A – Agger nasi cell

I – Type I frontal cell (a single air cell above agger nasi)

II – Type II frontal cell (a series of air cells above agger nasi but below the orbital roof)

III – Type III frontal cell (this cell extends into the frontal sinus but is contiguous with agger nasi cell)

IV – Type IV frontal cell lies completely within the frontal sinus

Question 1

Draf I procedure

Answer 1

Anterior ethmoidectomy with drainage of the frontal recess without touching the frontal outflow tract

Question 2

Draf IIa procedure

Answer 2

Removal of ethmoid cells protruding into frontal sinus (uncapping the egg), creatining an opening between the MT medially and lamina papyracea laterally

Question 3

Lund-Kennedy endoscopic scoring system

Answer 3

Endoscopic scoring system for the pathological state of the nose, performed bilaterally

Question 4

Draf III procedure

Answer 4

Type II drainage bilaterally along with removal of upper part of nasal septum and lower part of frontal sinus septum

Question 5

Haller cells

Answer 5

• infraorbital ethmoid air cells (or maxilloethmoidal cells)
• exist in 20% of patients
• normally not clinically significant
• pathologically - extension into orbit, obstruction of OMC

Question 6

Lund MacKay CT scoring

Answer 6

Staging system for CRS

Question 7

Bent-Kuhn diagnostic criteria for Allergic Fungal Rhinosinusitis

Answer 7

Must meet all major criteria. Minor criteria helps with description but not necessary for diagnosis

Question 9

Onodi cell

Answer 9

Sphenodethmoid air cell - important to locate presence of prior to FESS or other endoscopic sinus surgery

Question 10

Agger Nasi Cell

Answer 10

• anterior most ehtmoid air cell
• anterolateral and inferior to frontoethmoid recess
• within lacrimal bone

Question 11

Type of Fungal Sinusitis (4)

Answer 11

1. Mycetoma
2. Allergic fungal sinusitis
3. Chronic invasive and non-invasive fungal sinusitis
4. Fulminant sinusitis

Question 12

Draf IIb procedure

Answer 12

Removal of frontal sinus floor between nasal septum medially and lamina papyracea laterally