Rheumatology & MSK Flashcards
what produces synovial fluid?
the synovial membrane
allodynia is ___
pain in response to a non painful stimulus
what is facet joint syndrome?
how does it develop?
what position relieves it?
secondary to lumbar spondylosis
joints become misaligned – secondary osteoarthritis
worse when bending backwards
what is fibrositic nodulosis?
tender nodules in the buttock
what do you need to give alongside bisphosphonates? how do they need to be taken?
calcium/vit D supplement
once a week
sitting upright
empty stomach
3 drugs that can cause drug induced lupus?
isoniazid
procainamide
hydralazine
what antibiotics interact with methotrexate to cause pancytopenia?
trimethoprim
because they are both anti folate drugs
(they both have meth in)
they also compete for renal excretion
what colour are the fingers in raynauds?
white – blue – red
what are some causes of secondary raynauds?
what features distinguish secondary raynauds from primary?
lupus, drugs, trauma
red marks on the nail bed, asymmetrical - suggestive of secondary
what fbc results would you expect in lupus?
low WCC
low platelet
(antiphospholipid syndrome = increased clotting but not because of platelets)
what blood test results would you see in pagets?
raised ALP
normal calcium, phosphate, PTH, etc
what is a normal/osteopenic/osteoporotic T score?
osteosclerosis = 2.5 or more normal = 1 - -1 osteopenia = -1 or less osteoporosis = -2.5 severe osteoporosis = -2.5 or less + silly fracture
which primary cancers are most likely to metastasise to bone?
breast/prostate
lung
kidney (renal cell carcinoma)
thyroid
what blood test is used to monitor lupus?
ESR
what is a swan neck deformity?
hyperextension of PIP
hyperflexion of DIP
what is burronaires deformity?
feature of RA
hyperflexion of PIP
hyperextension of DIP
how are asthma attacks categorised according to severity? (for people aged 12+)
moderate = peak flow below 75%
acute severe = peak flow below 50%, resp 25+, pulse 110, accessory muscle use, or unable to complete sentence
life threatening: peak flow below 33%, sats less than 92%, confused, or silent chest
what is acute severe asthma in a child 5-12?
resp rate 30
pulse 125
what is acute severe asthma in child 2-5 yrs?
resp rate 40
pulse 140
what blood test results would you see in pagets?
raised ALP
normal calcium, phosphate, PTH, etc
