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HUD > Rheumatology > Flashcards

Rheumatology Flashcards

1
Q

Give 4 examples of auto-immune diseases which have significant dental indications.

A

Rheumatoid Arthritis
Sjogren’s Syndrome
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Scleroderma

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2
Q

What is the auto-antibody linked to Rheumatoid Arthritis?

A

Rheumatoid Factor

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3
Q

What is the auto-antibody linked to SLE?

A

ANA-dsDNA

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4
Q

What is the auto-antibody linked to Scleroderma?

A

Scl70

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5
Q

What is the auto-antibody linked to Sjogren’s Syndrome?

A

Ro, La, Rheumatoid factor

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6
Q

Which antibody and what area of the antibody is most commonly implicated in rheumatic diseases?

A

Fractional Crystalline region of IgG antibody

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7
Q

What is the female to male ratio distribution of rheumatoid arthritis sufferers?

A

2.5F:1M

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8
Q

Name 3 symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis.

A

Pain, morning stiffness, malaise

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9
Q

Name 3 signs of rheumatoid arthritis.

A

Swelling
Warmth
Tenderness
Limited movement

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10
Q

What is a characteristic sign of relatively advance rheumatoid arthritis?

A

Ulnar deviation

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11
Q

What is the histopathology of rheumatoid arthritis?

A

Granulation tissue formation at the edge of the synovial lining within a joint resulting in the activation of the complement system and the release of enzymes that destroy cartilaginous tissue

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12
Q

Name 3 complication of Rheumatoid Arthritis.

A 
▪ Rheumatoid nodules
▪ Tendon rupture
▪ Normochromic, normocytic anaemia
▪ Nerve entrapment e.g. median nerve
▪ Vasculitis
▪ Atlanto-axial subluxation
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13
Q

Name 3 treatments specific to rheumatoid arthritis.

A

Analgesia - NSAID’s
DMARD’s - Methotrexate
TNFa e.g. infliximab
Anti-B cell MoAb’s - Rituximab

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14
Q

Name 3 issues rheumatoid arthritis presents in a dental setting.

A

Atlanto-axis subluxation - under GA

Sjogren’s Syndrome

Hand deformity - oral hygiene

TMJ dysfunction

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15
Q

What is the primary symptom of Sjogren’s Syndrome?

A

Dryness - mucus-producing regions

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16
Q

What is the histopathological cause of Sjogren’s Syndrome?

A

Autoimmune Sialadenitis (immune response to salivary glands)

17
Q

What is a common presentation of glands with a patient who has Sjogren’s syndrome?

A

Swelling - salivary/lacrimal glands

18
Q

Name 3 investigations used to diagnose Sjogren’s Syndrome.

Excluding FBC

A

Unstimulated Whole Salivary Flow - Normal > 0.2ml/min
Stimulated flow >0.4ml/min

Schirmer Test:
Paper strip placed in the pouch of the lower eyelid - checked to see if eye can self-moisten after 5 mins- <4mm wetting = severe dryness
15mm or more = normal

Auto-antibody test:
Testing for Ro and LA (anti-nuclear auto-antibodies)

19
Q

Describe SLE

A

An auto-immune disease which results in degeneration of multiple systems of the body including skin, muscles, bones, kidneys etc.

20
Q

What investigations are carried out to diagnose SLE?

A

ANA

HUD (4 decks)

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