Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PACES > Rheumatology > Flashcards

Rheumatology Flashcards

1
Q

Signs of RA

A
  • Swan Neck/Boutonniere deformity
  • Z-thumb
  • Squaring of thumb
  • symmetrical PIP and MCP swelling/erythema
  • Rheumatoid nodules
  • Ulnar deviation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Systemic manifestations of RA

A

Eyes

  • Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca
  • Episcleritis

Lungs

  • Pleural effusions
  • Pulmonary nodules
  • Interstitial lung disease

Heart

  • Pericarditis
  • Myocarditis
  • IHD

Blood

  • Anaemia of Chronic Disease
  • Splenomegaly
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

X-ray findings of RA

A 
Loss of joint space
Bony erosions
Subluxations
Soft tissue swelling
Periarticular osteopenia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Causes of carpal tunnel syndrome

A

Physiological

  • Pregnancy
  • Idiopathic

Endocrine

  • Diabetes
  • Acromegaly
  • Hypothyroidism
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Signs of Psoriasis

A

Nails

  • Pitting
  • Onycholysis
  • Subungual Hyperkeratosis

Asymmetrical oligoarthritis
Dactylitis
Psoriatic plaques

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Causes of acute monoarthritis

A

Infection (septic arthritis)
Inflammation (Gout/crystal arthropathy)
Trauma (haemarthrosis, ligament damage)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Mx of RA

A

Determined by DAS28 score

Conservative

  • Weight loss
  • Stop Smoking
  • Exercise
  • analgesia

Medical

  • 1st line Methotrexate + short term prednisolone
  • Other DMARDs
  • Biologic therapy e.g. infliximab (indicated if not controlled on 2 DMARDs one of which must be MTX)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is Felty’s syndrome

A

Complication of RA: RA + Splenomegaly + Neutropenia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the 4 seronegative spondylarthropathies?

A
  • Ankylosing spondylitis
  • Reactive arthritis
  • Enteropathic arthritis
  • Psoriatic arthritis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What features are common to seronegative spondylarthropathies?

A

HLA B27 predisposition (not useful for diagnosis)
Asymmetrical oligoarthritis
Enthesopathy
Axial arthritis e.g. sacroiliitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Extra-articular features of Ankylosing spondylitis

A

Aortitis
Atlanto-axial subluxation
Apical lung fibrosis
Anterior uveitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Mx of ankylosing spondylitis

A

Conservative
- Analgesia (NSAIDS) + Physiotherapy + Weight loss

Medical
- Biologics e.g. infliximab (MTX not very effective)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

X-ray findings in Ankylosing spondylitis

A

Sacroiliitis
Bamboo spine
Syndesmophytes

Subchondral erosions
Squaring of lumbar vertebrae
Sclerosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is Arthritis Mutilans?

A

Severe inflammation causing joint destruction and deformity: A rare presentation of psoriasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Features of reactive arthritis

A

Asymmetrical oligoarthritis
Urethritis
Conjunctivitis

Circinate balantis
Keratoderma blenorrhagica

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Ix for reactive arthritis

A 
○ HLA B27
		○ CRP/ESR may be raised
		○ Antibody serology
		○ Urate
		○ Aspiration of fluid
		○ Refer to GUM clinic for investigation
17
Q

Mx of reactive arthritis

A

NSAIDS

Steroids (2nd line)

18
Q

Gout risk factors

A

Increased urate production

  • Increased cell turnover (haem malignancy, psoriasis)
  • abnormal urate excretion (Lesch-nyhan syndrome)

Decreased renal urate excretion

  • Drugs
  • CKD
19
Q

Mx of Gout

A 
Acute episode
NSAIDS max dose (+PPI)
Colchicine
Short course Steroids
(don't stop allopurinol/febuxostat)

Prevention

  • Allopurinol
  • Febuxostat (2nd line)
20
Q

Antibodies for: RA, SLE, Sjogrens, Systemic Sclerosis, Dermatomyositis

A 
RA: RF, Anti-CCP
SLE: Anti-dsDNA
Sjogrens: Anti-Ro/La
Systemic sclerosis: Anti-centromere, Anti-SCL70
Dermatomyositis: Anti-Jo1
21
Q

SLE presentation (SOAPBRAINMD)

A
  • Serositis
    • Oral ulcers
    • Arthritis
    • Photosensitivity
    • B
    • Renal involvement
    • ANA
    • Immunologic phenomena
    • Neurological dysfunction (cerebral lupus)
    • Malar rash
    • Discoid rash
22
Q

SLE Ix

A 
FBC
U&E
LFT
Clotting - lupus anticoagulant
Immunological - ANA, dsDNA, complement
Urine dip
23
Q

Monitoring disease severity in SLE

A

Severe disease causes low C3 and C4: C4 drops before C3

24
Q

Mx of SLE

A

Medical

  • Hydroxychloroquine
  • Steroids
  • DMARDs (MTX, azathioprine)
25
Q

Sjogren’s syndrome Ix

A
  • Schirmer’s test (quantify dry eyes)
  • Salivary gland biopsy (lymphocytic infiltrate)
  • ANA and dsDNA
26
Q

Sjogren’s Mx

A
  • Artificial tears

- Hydroxychloroquine

27
Q

Dermatomyositis presentation

A
  • Heliotrope rash
  • Gottron’s papules
  • Mechanic’s hands
28
Q

Dermatomyositis Ix

A
  • ANA, Anti-Jo1
  • FBC, U&E
  • CK
29
Q

CREST syndrome presentation

A 
Calcinosis
Raynauds (most common PC, and normally first feature)
Oesophageal dysmotility
Scerodactyly
Telangiectasia
30
Q

Mx of systemic sclerosis

A

Prevent lung fibrosis and treat Raynaud’s

  • Steroids
  • Azathioprine
  • CCB (for raynaud’s)
31
Q

Antiphospholipid syndrome diagnosis

A

Positive lab + 1 clinical criteria

  • +ve lupus coagulant or anti-phospholipid antibodies at 2 measurements 3 months apart
  • Arterial/venous thrombosis
  • Pregnancy loss 3x <10 weeks
  • Pregnancy loss 1x >10 weeks
32
Q

Management of APLS

A
  • Primary thromboprophylaxis
    ○ Aspirin
  • Secondary thromboprophylaxis
    ○ Lifelong Warfarin
    ○ Add aspirin if recurrent VTE occurs while on warfarin
33
Q

Chapel Hill Classification of vasculitides

A

Small vessel

  • Microscopic Polyangiitis - pANCA
  • GPA (epistaxis + renal impairment) - cANCA
  • eGPA (Churg-Strauss, asthma + eosinophilia) - pANCA

Medium vessel
- Polyarteritis nodosa

Large vessel

  • Takayasu Arteritis
  • GCA
34
Q

Marker of prognosis in

A

PACES (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions