Rheumatology

Question 1

What are 2 types of large vessel vasculitis? Which vessels do they affect?

Answer 1

GCA (segmental inflammation of branches of the carotid artery: temporal (headaches), ophthalmic (visual disturbance), vessels supplying jaw -> cllaudication;

Takayasu’s (branches of the aorta; in branches supplying limbs -> can cause lack of/weak pulses; in vessels supplying head, visual disturbance or neurological Sx)

Question 2

Name the different types of medium-sized vasculitis

Answer 2

• Kawasaki’s disease (coronary vessels)
• polyarteritis nodosa (endoothelium affected)
• Buerger’s disease (thromboangiitis obliterans)

Question 3

Name types of small vessel vasculitis

Answer 3

• granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener’s granulomatosis)
• Microscopic polyangiitis
• Churg Strauss syndrome / eosinophilic granulomatosis and polyangiitis.
• Henoch-schoenlein purpura (HSP) - not ANCA mediated, instead IgA that targets endothelial cells. Can cause IgA nephropathy.

Question 4

Soluble components of the innatte immune system