Rheumatoid Arthritis: Background Info Flashcards

1
Q

RA is a progressive ______ (inflammation of the synovial membrane) of the ______ joints that can lead to destruction of ligament, tendon, cartilage, and bone.
Uneven distribution of biomechanical forces on weakened
ligaments and tendons can lead to permanent deformities of the joint

A

synovitis

diarthrodial

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2
Q

Joint swelling from excessive ___ combined with enlargement of the synovium and thickening of the joint capsule leads to weakened joint capsules and distended tendons and ligaments.

A

synovial fluid

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3
Q

With symmetric polyarticular presentation of RA, what are the most commonly affected joints?

A

PIP, MCP, All thumb joints, wrist, elbow, ankle, metatarsophalangeal. temporamandibular, hips, knees, shoulder, and cervical spine

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4
Q

Common symptoms of RA include:

A

pain, redness, warmth, tenderness, morning stiffness, ROM limitations, muscle weakness, weight loss, malaise, fatigue, and depression

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5
Q

In RA, a systemic disease, some secondary extra-articular complications, may occur in which body systems?

A

cardiovascular, ocular, respiratory, gastrointestinal, renal, and neurological

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6
Q

Boutonniere deformity:

A

flexion of the PIP joint and hyperextension of the DIP joint

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7
Q

Swan neck deformity:

A

hyperextension of the PIP joint and flexion of the DIP joint

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8
Q

Mallet finger:

A

flexion of the DIP joint

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9
Q
  1. Ulnar drift:
A

radial deviation of the wrist and ulnar deviation of the MCP joints (sometimes called a
zigzag deformity)

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10
Q

Mutilans deformity:

A

characterized by very floppy joints with shortened bones and redundant skin; caused by reabsorption of bone ends; most common in the MCP, PIP, radiocarpal, or radioulnar
joints

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11
Q

Acute phase of RA:

2.

A

pain and tenderness at rest that increases with movement; limited ROM; overall stiffness; gel phenomenon (inability to move joints after rest); weakness; tingling or numbness; hot, red joints;
cold, sweaty hands; low endurance; weight loss or decreased appetite; fever

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12
Q

Subacute phase of RA

A

reduced pain and tenderness; morning stiffness; limited movement; tingling or numbness; pink, warm joints; low endurance; weakness; gel phenomenon; weight loss or decreased appetite; mild fever

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13
Q

Chronic–active phase of RA

A

low-grade inflammation, decreased ROM, less tingling, pain and tenderness primarily with movement, low endurance

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14
Q

Chronic–inactive phase of RA

A

No signs of inflammation, low endurance, pain from stiffness and weakened
joints, morning stiffness primarily related to disuse, limited ROM, weakness and muscle atrophy,
contractures

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15
Q

Stage I RA

A

no destructive changes on X ray; possible presence of osteoporosis

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16
Q

Stage II RA

A

radiographic evidence of osteoporosis; possible slight subchondral bone destruction and possible presence of slight cartilage destruction; no joint deformity (possible limited ROM); adjacent muscle atrophy; possible presence of extra-articular soft-tissue lesions

17
Q

Stage III RA

A

Severe: radiographic evidence of osteoporosis; cartilage and bone destruction; joint deformity; extensive muscle atrophy; possible presence of extra-articular soft-tissue lesions

18
Q

Stage IV RA

A

terminal: fibrous or bony ankylosis in addition to Stage III