Rhetorical Terms

Question 1

Audience

Answer 1

The listeners, viewer, or reader of the text. Most texts are likely to have multiple audiences.

Question 2

Concession

Answer 2

an acknowledgement that an opposing argument may be true or reasonalble in a strong argument, a concession is usually accompinied by a refutation challanging the validity of the opposing argument.

Question 3

Connotation

Answer 3

Meanings or associations that readers have with a word beyond its dictionary deffinition or denotation. Conmotstions are usually positive or negitive and they can greatly affect the authors tone.

Question 4

Context

Answer 4

The circumstances, aptomoshphere, attitudes, and events surrounded by a text

Question 5

Counterargument

Answer 5

An opposing argument to the one a writer is putting forward. Rather than ignoring a counterargument a strong writer will usually address it though the process of concession and refutation

Question 6

Ethos

Answer 6

Greek for “character” speaks appeal to the ethos to demonstrate that they are credible and trustworthy to speak on a given topic. Ethos is established by both who you are ans what you say

Question 7

Logos

Answer 7

Greek for “embodied thought”. Speakers appeal to logos or reason by offering clear, rational ideas and using specific details, examples, facts , statistics or expert testimony to back them up

Question 8

Occasion

Answer 8

The time and place a speech is givej orna piece is written

Question 9

Pathons

Answer 9

Greek for “suffering” or “ experience”. Speakers appeal to pathons to emotionally motivate their audience. More specific appeals to Pathons might play the audiences values desires and hopes on the one hand, or fears and prejudices on the other hand

Question 10

Persona

Answer 10

Greek for “mask” the face or character that a speaker shows to his or her audience

Question 11

Polemic

Answer 11

Greek for “hostile” an aggressive argument that tries to establish e superiors of one opinion over all others. Polemic generally do not concede that opposing opinions have any merit

Question 12

Propoganda

Answer 12

The spread of ideas and info to further a cause.

In a neg sense, propaganda is the use of rumors, lies, disformation and scare tactics.

Question 13

Purpose

Answer 13

The goal the speaker wants to achive

Question 14

Refutation

Answer 14

A denial of validity of opposing argument. In order to sound reasonable, refutations often follow a concession that acknoloagems that an opposing argument may be true or reasonable.

Question 15

Rhetoric

Answer 15

As aristotle defined the term “the faculty of observing in any given case the available means of persuasion”
Its the art pf finding ways to pursue an audience

Question 16

Rhetorical appeals

Answer 16

Rhetorical techniques used to pursue an audience by emphasizing sizing what they find most important or compelling
The three major appeals are ethos (character) logos(reason, and pathos (emotion)

Question 17

Retorical triangle

Answer 17

A diagram that illistrates the interrelationship among the speaker, audience, and subject in determining a text.

Question 18

Soaps

Answer 18

A mnemonic device that stands for subject, occasion, audience, purpose and speaker. It is a handy way to remember the various elements that make up the rhetorical situation

Question 19

Speaker

Answer 19

The person or group who creats a text this might be a politician who delivers a speech, a commentator who writes an article, an artist who draws a political cartoon or even a company that commissions an advertisement

Question 20

Subject

Answer 20

The topic of text

Question 21

Text

Answer 21

While this term generally means the written word, in humanities it has come to mean any cultural product that can be “real”- meaning not just consumed and comprehended but investigated.