Rhetorical Techniques Flashcards
Metaphor
Comparison that doesn’t use like or as
Implied Metaphor
Metaphor not stated explicitly but through details
Simile
Comparison that uses like or as
Personification
Attributing human characteristics to non-human things
Oxymoron
Opposite words placed together
Paradox
A statement that has juxtaposes opposites
Hyperbole
Exaggeration
Metonymy
Something referred to by something associated with it
Synecdoche
A whole referred to by a part
Concrete Language
Language that describes observable things
Abstract Language
Represents abstract ideas or thoughts
Denotation
Dictionary definition
Connotation
Implied meanings of words
Colloquial
Too ordinary or too familiar language
Vernacular
Plain everyday speech
Anglo-Saxon diction
Words that don’t have a root
Latinate Diction
Words from Latin or Greek words
Parallelism
Lists
Anadiplosis
Repetition in last and first word (dip)
Anaphora
Repetition at the beginning
Epistrophe
Repetition at the end
Antimetabole
Repetition in reverse grammatical order
Simple Sentence
One independent clause
Compound Sentence
Two or more independent clauses
Complex Sentence
One or more dependent clauses and one or more independent clauses
Compound/ Complex Sentence
Two or more independent clauses and one or more dependent clauses
Coordination
Combining things with FANBOYS
Subordination
Using subordinate conjunctions
Parenthetical Idea
An aside set off by parenthesis
Cliche
Overused expression
Collocation/ Idiom
Familiar grouping of words
Pun
Play on words
Double Entendre
Figure of speech with double meaning
Antanaclasis
Words that sound identical but have different meanings
Antistasis
Words that sound identical but have different meanings
Paranomasia
Words that sound kind of alike but are different in meaning
Syllepsis
A word used differently in relation to two other words it governs or modifies.
Gerund
Verb ending in ing used as a noun
Infinitive
Verb preceded by “to”
Split Infinitives
Infinitive interrupted
Agreement
subject/verb agreement pronoun/ antecedent agreement
Accumulation
List of points
Auxesis
Ascension of points in importance
Inversion
Language takes a sudden turn usually an interruption
Hyperbaton
Disruption or inversion of customary word order
Allegory
An extended metaphor
Allusion
A reference
Enthymeme
Logical reasoning with one premise left unstated
Syllogism
Logical reasoning
Anecdote
A brief narrative
Anachronism
Incorporation of an event, scene, or person who dos not correspond with the time period portrayed in the work
Symbol/symbolism
Anything that represents or stands for something else
Understatement
Ironic minimizing of fact
Analogy
A comparison to a directly parallel case
Jargon
The specialized vocabulary of a particular group
Adage
A saying or proverb
Aphorism
A saying or proverb
Epistle/Epistolary
A poem or other literary work in the form of a letter or series of letters
Epigraph
A quotation or aphorism at the beginning of a literary work
Homily
Serious talk, speech, or lecture involving moral or spiritual advice
Eulogy
A formal expression of praise for someone who has recently died
Asyndeton
The omission of conjunctions
Anthimeria
The substitution of one part of speech for another; Verbing
Juxtaposition
Placing things side by side for comparison
Antithesis
The juxtaposition of contrasting words or ideas
Apology
An elaborate statement justifying some controversial position
Synesthesia
To present ideas so that they appeal to more than one senses
Appositive
Renames
Epithet
A word or phrase adding a characteristic to a person’s name “Richard the Lion Heart”
Antonomasia
Substitution of a title, epithet, or descriptive name for a proper name “Casanova”
Invective
Swear words
Dysphemism
Substitution for something offensive with something more offensive (opposite of Euphemism)
Cacophemism
Substitution for something offensive with something more offensive (opposite of Euphemism)
Euphemism
Lessening the impact of something
Irony
Writing or speaking that implies the contrary
Verbal Irony
When you something but mean the opposite
Antiphrasis
When you say something but mean the opposite
Sarcasm
A bitter ironic comment
Dramatic Irony
When the audience knows something the characters don’t
Situational Irony
Something in a plot that turns out the opposite of what is expected
Accismus
When someone pretends indifference and refuses something while actually wanting it
Parody
Imitation of a serious specific work
Satire
Critique of an element of life
Polysyndeton
Uses a series of conjunctions
Subject Compliment
Word that follows a linking verb
Predicate Adjective
Adjective that follows linking term and describes the subject
Predicate Nominative
Follows a linking term and names the subject
Undertone
Feeling that lies underneath the surface of a piece
Loose Sentence
Gives it all up at the beginning
Periodic sentence
Central meaning at end