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Eng 3 > Rhetorical Devices > Flashcards

Rhetorical Devices Flashcards

1
Q

Tropes

A

in which MEANING is altered from the usual or expected; alterations in the usual meanings of words or phrases

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2
Q

Schemes

A

in which WORD ORDER is altered from the usual or expected; gestures of language; arragnements of ideas, words, phrases that are stylistically effective

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3
Q

Pun (trope)

A

play on meaning of words; 1) repetition of a single word in two different senses; 2) play on words that sound alike but are different in meaning; 3) use of a single word with two different meanings withing the context of the sentence

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4
Q

Metaphor (trope)

A

implied comparison between two unlike things

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5
Q

Simile (trope)

A

explicit comparison between two unlike things signaled by the use of like or as

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6
Q

Personification (trope)

A

attributing human qualities to an inanimate object

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7
Q

Apostrophe (trope)

A

turn away from audience to address someone or something new (anyone not present); type of personification

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8
Q

Irony (trope)

A

contrast between reality and expectations

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9
Q

Sarcasm (trope)

A

particularly biting irony which involves bitter, caustic language that is meant to hurt or ridicule; Greek meaning “to tear flesh”

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10
Q

Hyperbole (trope)

A

exaggeration; deliberate exaggeration for emphasis

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11
Q

Understatement (trope)

A

opposite of exaggeration; technique for developing irony and/or humor where the writer describes something as less than what it is

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12
Q

Euphemism (trope)

A

type of understatement where you substiture less pungent words for harsh ones, sometimes with excellent ironic effect

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13
Q

Synecdoche (trope)

A

related to classification and division – a part is substituted for the whole, or the species for the genus; Ex. “hands” for helpers

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14
Q

Metonymy (trope)

A

designation of one things with something closely associated with it; could be personification; Ex. “White House” for president; “crown” for king

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15
Q

Oxymoron (trope)

A

contradiction; two contradictory terms or ideas used together; “sweet sorrow”

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16
Q

Paradox (trope)

A

statement that appears to be contradictory but, in fact, has some truth; “work hard at being lazy”

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17
Q

Onomatopoeia (trope)

A

use of words whose sound reinforces their meaning; “drip”; “snarl”

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18
Q

Rhetorical Question – 1) Asking the Reader (trope)

A

effect: way of taking counsel with reader

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19
Q

Rhetorical Question – 2) Asking the Writer (trope)

A

effect: suggesting writer’s thinking process; talking through an idea with reader

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20
Q

Rhetorical Question – 3) Criticizing (trope)

A

effect: making criticism in form of question

21
Q

Rhetorical Question – 4) Asking and Answering (trope)

A

effect: way of organizing paper or making writer’s method of development clear to reader

22
Q

Parallelism (scheme, balance)

A

expresses similar or related ideas in similar grammatical structures

23
Q

Antithesis (scheme, balance)

A

type of parallelism; juxtaposition of contrasting ideas; “separates as well as unites, disintegrate as well as bind”

24
Q

Chiasmus (scheme, balance)

A

grammatical structure of the first clause or phrase is reversed in the second, somethimes repeating the same words; syntactic mirro AB:BA; reversing syntactical order emphasizes reversal in meaning

25
Q

Anastrophe (scheme, word order)

A

word order reversed or rearragned; usual word order reversed; “she looked at the sky, dark and menacing”

26
Q

Apposition (scheme, addition)

A

placing next to a noun another noun or phrase that explains it; appositives

27
Q

Parenthesis (scheme, addition)

A

insertion of words, phrases, or sentence that is not syntactically related to the rest of the sentence; dashes or parentheses

28
Q

Asyndeton (scheme, omission)

A

effect: fast-paced and rapid prose; conjuctions omitted; “I came, I saw, I conquered”

29
Q

Ellipsis (scheme, omission)

A

omission of a word or whort phrase easily understood in contect; literal use of a series of three spaced periods to produce same effect

30
Q

Epanalepsis (scheme, repetition)

A

repetition at the end of a clause of the word that occurred at the beginning

31
Q

Anaphora (scheme, repetition)

A

regular repetition of the same word or phrase at the beginning of successive phrases or clauses

32
Q

Epistrophe (scheme, repetition)

A

regular repetition of same word or phrse at ends of successive phrases or clauses; opposite of anaphora)

33
Q

Polysyndeton (scheme, repetition)

A

oppostie of asyndeton; use of many conjuctions; effect; to slow pace or create childlike sense of excitement

34
Q

Alliteration (scheme, sound)

A

repetition of same initial consonant sound in nearby words; soft or harsh sounds

35
Q

Consonance (scheme, sound)

A

repetition of consonants in words stressed in same place; kind of inverted alliteration; final consonants repeat

36
Q

Assonance (scheme, sound)

A

repetition of vowel sounds withing nearby words

37
Q

Euphony (scheme, sound)

A

soft sounds; sound device produces pleasant, mellifluous sound

38
Q

Cacophony (scheme, sound)

A

sound device produces harsh, discordant sound

39
Q

Allegory

A

work that functions on symbolic level

40
Q

Allusion

A

reference contained in a work to an event in history or to another piece of literature

41
Q

Anecdote

A

short, personal story or brief episode told by a writer or character to llustrate a point

42
Q

Attitue/Tone

A

relationship an author has toward their subject/audience

43
Q

Connotation

A

interpretive level of word based on its associated images rather than literal meaning

44
Q

Denotation

A

literal or dictionary definition of a word

45
Q

Epigraph

A

use of quotation or excerpt at beginning of work or chapter that hints at its theme

46
Q

Motif

A

repetition or variations of an image or idea in a work or chapter that hints at its theme

47
Q

Satire

A

work that targets human vices and follies or social institutions and conventions for reform or ridicule

48
Q

Symbol

A

something in a literary work that stands for something else, usually something greater than the thing itself

49
Q

Litotes (trope)

A

a type of understatement in which an affirmative is expressed by the negative of the contrary

Eng 3 (1 decks)

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