Rhetoric Terms Test

Question 1

Who created Lines of Proof?

Answer 1

Socrates, Plato, Aristotle, Alexander the Great

Question 2

Motives of Self-Gain

Answer 2

if a person can gain or prevent loss then they are likely to act in order to do so

Question 3

Correlative Ideas

Answer 3

If an act is good or likely to happen, then it is right or likely that a person cause it to happen

Question 4

Presence and Absence of Cause and Effect

Answer 4

If a cause is present, then the effect is also present. If a cause is absent, then the effect is also absent

Question 5

Consistency with Past Action

Answer 5

If a behavior or fact has generally existed in the past, then it is likely or good that it exists in the present

Question 6

Causes Produce the Same Results

Answer 6

If two results are the same, then their causes are the same

Question 7

A Fortiori

Answer 7

If X is true in a less likely case, then X must also be true in a more likely case

Question 8

Logical Division

Answer 8

If result x has several possible causes (A,B,C) but all but one of those causes (B and C) can be eliminated then the remaining cause must exist as the sole cause of the result

Question 9

Analogy

Answer 9

Two situations that are alike in observable ways will tend to be alike in other ways

Question 10

Repition

Answer 10

repeated use of any word, phrase, image or idea; general phrase

Question 11

Epistrophe

Answer 11

repetition of final word or group of words in successive phrases or clauses

Question 12

Anaphora

Answer 12

repetition of initial word or group of words

Question 13

Parallelism

Answer 13

a means of arranging a series of related words, phrases, or clauses in which each item in the series is grammatically equal

Question 14

Asyndeton

Answer 14

not separated by conjunctions

Question 15

Polysyndeton

Answer 15

excessive use of conjuctions

Question 16

Periodic Sentence

Answer 16

most important idea is at the end of a sentence

Question 17

Distinctio

Answer 17

explicit definition of or elaboration of the meaning of a word or set of words

Question 18

Enumeration

Answer 18

to enumerate or list

Question 19

Apposition

Answer 19

use of an appositive, a noun or noun phrase that renames another noun

Question 20

Apotheosis

Answer 20

when a character or thing is elevated to such a high status that it appears godlike

Question 21

euphemism

Answer 21

a mild or pleasant sounding expression used to convey an unpleasant idea

Question 22

Understatement

Answer 22

when an author assigns less significance to an event or thing than it deserves

Question 23

Hyperbole

Answer 23

extreme exaggeration

Question 24

Rhetorical Question

Answer 24

question is not meant to be answered

Question 25

Hypophora

Answer 25

questions are answered

Question 26

Oxymoron

Answer 26

two words with contrary or apparently contradictory meanings occurring next to each other which evoke some measures of truth

Question 27

Parody

Answer 27

a humorous imitation of a work of art or style of an artist

Question 28

Contrast

Answer 28

a general term for the use of images, words, ideas, or characters that serve as opposites to each other

Question 29

Analogy

Answer 29

simile, metaphor, uses like

Question 30

Antithesis

Answer 30

a contrasting of opposing ideas in adjacent (usually parallel) phrases, clauses, or sentences; ideas

Question 31

Juxtaposition

Answer 31

when two contrasting things are placed beside each other for comparison

Question 32

Metonymy

Answer 32

a figure of association in which one word is replaced by an associated word (sweat= hard word) (dish= course in a meal) (the press=news media)

Question 33

Personification

Answer 33

assigning human or human-like qualities to non human and inanimate objects

Question 34

Apostrophe

Answer 34

addressing or speaking to inanimate objects if they are human

Question 35

allusion

Answer 35

a reference to another work

Question 36

red herring

Answer 36

when you make an argument that does not related to the issue at hand

Question 37

imagery

Answer 37

concrete language to create sensory details

Question 38

non-sequitor

Answer 38

presenting a conclusion that does not follow logically from the evidence or explanation

Question 39

Slippery Slope

Answer 39

arguing that one small step will inevitably lead to extreme consequences

Question 40

Faulty Generalization

Answer 40

arguing that if something is generally true about a group then it must be true about any part of that group

Question 41

equivocating

Answer 41

using vague or ambiguous language to mislead an audience

Question 42

Opposing a Straw Man

Answer 42

pretending to oppose your opponent by refuting only an extreme position from the opposing point of view

Question 43

False Dilemma

Answer 43

posing only two options

Question 44

Ad Hominenm Argument

Answer 44

rather than arguing an issue, the speaker directs an argument toward the individual

Question 45

Post Hoc Ergo Propter Hoc

Answer 45

an argument that suggests that because one event followed another, then it must have happenend as a result of that event

Question 46

Begging the Question

Answer 46

circular reasoning

Question 47

Faulty analogy

Answer 47

making an argument by comparing two scenarios, situations or events

Question 48

Synechdoche

Answer 48

A figure of speech in which a part represents the whole