Rhematic And Musculoskeletal Diseases Flashcards
What are the characteristics of Rheumatic Diseases?
Inflammation, loss of function of connective tissue and supporting body structures, possible autoimmune component
Usually chronic, but can have acute episodes. Therapy is designed to manage symptoms.
What is the role of Omega-6 PUFAs in inflammation?
Precursor to pro-inflammatory eicosanoids: Linoleic acid and Arachidonic acid
Omega-6 PUFAs are linked to increased inflammation.
What is the role of Omega-3 PUFAs in inflammation?
Precursor to anti-inflammatory eicosanoids: Alpha-linolenic acid, EPA, and DHA
Omega-3 PUFAs help to reduce inflammation.
What are common symptoms of arthritis?
Pain, stiffness, and loss of function (typically in joints)
Physical examination may show redness and swelling.
What are the key components of biochemical assessment for arthritis diagnosis?
Rheumatoid factor (antibodies), CR, and homocysteine
Homocysteine is not specific to arthritis but indicates inflammation.
What types of medications are used to treat arthritis?
Analgesics, DMARDs, Anti-inflammatories
Examples include Tylenol, Methotrexate, NSAIDs, and corticosteroids.
What are the risk factors for Osteoarthritis?
Obesity, aging, female gender, and repetitive use injury
Osteoarthritis does not have an autoimmune component.
What are the characteristics of Osteoarthritis?
Cartilage destruction and asymmetric inflammation
This condition often leads to joint pain and reduced mobility.
What is the recommended MNT for Osteoarthritis?
Weight management and Anti-inflammatory diet
Supplements should be taken for at least 4 weeks to see effects.
List some effective supplements for Osteoarthritis.
- S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM-e)
- Fish oil/Vitamin D
- Chondroitin
- Glucosamine
SAM-e is as effective as NSAIDs with fewer side-effects.
What should be limited in an Anti-Inflammatory Diet?
- Calorie intake
- Omega-6 fatty acids
- Processed foods
- Saturated and trans fats
- Refined grains and sugars
- Red meat and full-fat dairy
- Nightshade vegetables (for some people)
Limiting these foods can help reduce inflammation.
What foods should be increased in an Anti-Inflammatory Diet?
- Omega-3 fatty acids
- MUFA-EVOO
- Vitamin D
- Whole grains
- Probiotics and prebiotics
- Fruits and vegetables
- Plant protein
- Lean poultry
- Fish
These foods contribute to reducing inflammation.
What are the characteristics of Rheumatoid Arthritis?
Symmetric inflammation, bone and cartilage loss, inflamed synovium, and swollen joint capsule
It is an autoimmune disease.
What are the risk factors for Rheumatoid Arthritis?
Age, genetics, female gender, obesity, and smoking
These factors increase the likelihood of developing the disease.
What is the recommended MNT for Rheumatoid Arthritis?
Anti-inflammatory or Mediterranean diet, Intermittent fasting, vegan diet, gluten-free diet
Nutrition assessment includes weight change and ability to perform nutrition-related ADLs.
What is the recommended protein intake for malnourished individuals with Rheumatoid Arthritis?
1.5-2 g/day
Regular RDA if well-nourished.
What is Gout?
A disorder of purine metabolism resulting in hyperuricemia
Sodium urate crystals form and deposit in joints.
What are the risk factors for Gout?
- Obesity
- Genetics
- Age/gender
- HTN/CKD
- Sleep apnea
- Lead exposure
- Alcohol and HFCS consumption
These factors contribute to the development of Gout.
What should be limited in the diet for Gout management?
High-purine foods
Encouraging high fluid intake is also important.
What foods/nutrients have a protective effect against Gout?
- Low-fat dairy products
- Cherries
- Coffee
- Folic acid
- Vitamin C
- Fish oil supplements
These can help manage Gout symptoms.
