Revolutionary War Flashcards
🔹 Causes 🔹
🔹 Causes 🔹
French and Indian War
Lasting from 1754-1763, the war was one foght between the French and Indian allies against the British and their Indian allies. The war started in America and extended to Europe, where it was called the Seven Years’ War. France diverted many resources to fighting the Prussians. The was foght on the colonial frontier. After a string of defeats, the British soon were able to break into New France and capture Quebec and finally Montreal in 1670. This is significant as France soon ceded all of it’s American continental holding to the British and the Spanish, and Britain was the confirmed dominant empire in eastern America. The British statesman William Pitt helped to bring more resources to the British army to make the final breakthrough.
Boycotts
Effective form of organized colonial resistance against the Stamp Act, which made homespun clothing fashionable
Sons of Liberty
A radical political organization for colonial independence which formed in 1765 after the passage of the Stamp Act. They incited riots and burned the customs houses where the stamped British paper was kept. After the repeal of the Stamp Act, many of the local chapters formed the Committees of Correspondence which continued to promote opposition to British policies towards the colonies. The Sons leaders included Samuel Adams and Paul Revere.
Smuggling
Move (goods) illegally into or out of a country.
Stamp Act
An act of the British Parliament in 1756 that exacted revenue from the American colonies by imposing a stamp duty on newspapers and legal and commercial documents. Colonial opposition led to the act’s repeal in 1766 and helped encourage the revolutionary movement against the British Crown.
Townshend Duties
Tax on tea and other products; colonists especially hated these taxes b/c its revenues would go to support British officials and judges in America; colonial resistance caused British troops to be stationed in Boston
Quartering Act
legislation that required colonists to feed and shelter British troops; disobeyed in New York and elsewhere
“Intolerable Acts”
The Intolerable Acts were the American Patriots’ term for a series of punitive laws passed by the British Parliament in 1774 after the Boston Tea party. They were meant to punish the Massachusetts colonists for their defiance in throwing a large tea shipment into Boston harbor.
Proclamation of 1763
The Royal Proclamation of 1763 was issued October 7, 1763, by King George III following Great Britain’s acquisition of French territory in North America after the end of the French and Indian War/Seven Years’ War, which forbade all settlement past a line drawn along the Appalachian Mountains.
Lexington and Concord
First “battles” of the Revolutionary war; meant to get suppies from militia, but shots exchanged between minutemen and the British as the British continued to concord; Americans ambushed british, killing 300
Bunker Hill
ay 1775
Tiny American force under Ethan Allen and Benedict Arnold surprised and captured the British garrisons at Ticonderoga and Crown Point in Upper New York.
Gunpowder and artillary for the siege at Boston was obtained.
June 1775 Colonists siezed Bunker Hill (Breed’s Hill).
Americans numbering 1500 soldiers slaughtered the advancing redcoats. Colonists were short on gunpowder and were foced to abandon the hill.
Saratoga
(turning pt) the battle in which Patriots had victory on October 17, 1777, after fighting and forcing weakened, British troops under Burgoyne to surrender when they had already lost reinforcements, and supplies, and had previously fought several costly engagement
🔹 Battles and Events 🔹
🔹 Battles and Events 🔹
Yorktown
When Cornwallis was forced to take a defensive position in Yorktown, American and French forces descended from different directions in a joint operational tactic, and caught Cornwallis between land and sea, where he surrendered his whole army of more than 7, 000 on October 17, 1781.
