Revolution 1918-1919 - From Above And From Below

Question 1

What’s the biggest change Germany under went after the war

Answer 1

The introduction of parliamentary democracy

Question 2

From above

Answer 2

Leaders and politicians

Question 3

From below

Answer 3

Ordinary Germans

Question 4

Who led the civilian gov

Answer 4

Prince Max von Baden as chancellor

Question 5

What was winter 1917 known as

Answer 5

Turnip winter because of the food shortages which affected the ordinary people

Question 6

What happened in October 1918

Answer 6

Sailors at Kiel and Wilhelmshaven refused to fight

Led to workers’, sailors’ and soldiers’ council’s being set up

Question 7

What did these councils challenge

Answer 7

The rights of state government

Question 8

Why did the Kaiser abdicate

Answer 8

Fear of a violent revolution

Question 9

Who was the next chancellor after Prince Max

Answer 9

Friedrich Ebert a moderate socialist

Question 10

Stephen Lee

Answer 10

Revolution was caused by a number of factors: defeat in war, disintegrating army and a radicalised left

Question 11

A.J. Nicholls

Answer 11

Most significant changes only happened after Kiel mutinies, suggesting from below

Question 12

Eric D Weitz

Answer 12

Revolution “spread from Kiel”

Question 13

William Carr

Answer 13

By end of October 1918 “a revolutionary situation existed in Germany” but only after Kiel mutinies that it truly begun