Revison for paper 1

Question 1

How are the alveoli adapted for gas exchange

Answer 1

They have thin walls to exchange gasses. They make the lungs have a very large surface area. They have lots of capillaries.

Question 2

Describe what is meant by eukaryotic?

Answer 2

A complex cell for example an animal cell or plant cell that has a nucleus

Question 3

What do bacterial cells have instead of a nucleus?

Answer 3

A long strand of DNA or a piece of DNA in the nucleoid region without any membrane

Question 4

What is the equation to calculate magnification?

Answer 4

image height / object height

Question 5

Define the term specialised cell?

Answer 5

They have determined characteristics for example

Question 6

Define 6 types of specialist cells

Answer 6

Red blood cells, sperm cells, neurons, muscle cells, xylem, phloem

Question 7

How many chromosomes are in a human cell

Answer 7

23 pairs

Question 8

What is a stem cell

Answer 8

A cell that is possible to become specialised

Question 9

Define the term diffusion

Answer 9

The movement of molecules over a partially permeable membrane from a concentration to a low concentration

Question 10

Define osmosis

Answer 10

The movement of water molecules from a low concentration to high diluting it

Question 11

Define active transport

Answer 11

The movement of molecules over a partially permeable membrane from a low concentration to a high

Question 12

Examples of where active transport occurs

Answer 12

The uptake of glucose in the intestines in humans, uptake of mineral ions in root hair cells

Question 13

What is an enzyme

Answer 13

A substance produced by a living organism which acts as a catalyst to bring about a specific biochemical reaction.

Question 14

Describe the lock and key model

Answer 14

The substrate fits into the active site of an enzyme. The substrates

Question 15

How would you test for a lipid

Answer 15

The emulsion test is a method to determine the presence of lipids using wet chemistry.

Question 16

What are the 4 components of blood

Answer 16

Plasma, red blood cell, white blood cell, platelets

Question 17

What is a noncancerous tumor called

Answer 17

Benign tumor

Question 18

Why are malignant tumors life threatening

Answer 18

Because they will grow

Question 19

Describe how virus reproduce

Answer 19

They get into a host cell and multiply using the cells resources. They then burst the cell

Question 20

What is the equation for photosynthesis?

Answer 20

Water+Carbon dioxide —–> Oxygen+ glucose

Question 21

How do plants use glucose

Answer 21

To store starch, for respiration, for making cell walls, for making amino acids, stored as fats

Question 22

What is the equation for measuring photosynthesis?

Answer 22

The inverse square law which links Light Intensity and distance
1
light intensity ∝ ———————-
distance(d)^2

Question 23

Define metabolism

Answer 23

Metabolism is ALL the chemical reactions in an organism

Question 24

What to lipids break down?

Answer 24

Lipids break down glycerol and fatty acids

Question 25

Define respiration

Answer 25

Respiration is the process of transferring energy from glucose, which goes into every cell

Question 26

What is cellulose made from?

Answer 26

Lots of small glucose molecules

Question 27

What can small molecules of glucose form?

Answer 27

Starch (a storage molecule in plant and animal cells), Glycogen ( a storage molecule in only animal cells), Cellulose (a component of plant cell walls)

Question 28

How is glucose broken down?

Answer 28

Via respiration. Respiration transfers energy to power all the reactions in the body that make molecules.

Question 29

What is excess protein broken down into?

Answer 29

It is broken down into urea which is excreted as urine

Question 30

What is the symbol equation for photosynthesis?

Answer 30

C02+H20 ——–> C6H12O6 + 02