Revision Year 9 Notes Flashcards

1
Q

What are examples of thermoplastics?

A

Acrylic(Perspex)
Polythene
Polyvinyl chloride(PVC)

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2
Q

What are examples of thermosetting plastics?

A

Polyurethane
Melamine formaldehyde
Polyester resins

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3
Q

What are the different types of metals?

A

Ferrous

Non-ferrous

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4
Q

Where does the word ferrous come from?

A

The Latin word ferrum meaning containing iron

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5
Q

What are ferrous metals?

A

Contains iron

Usually magnetic

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6
Q

What are non-ferrous metals?

A

Doesn’t contain iron

Some non-ferrous metals are magnetic but, not usually

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7
Q

What are some common ferrous metals?

A

Iron

Steel

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8
Q

What are some common non-ferrous metals?

A

Aluminium
Tin
Copper
Zinc

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9
Q

What are the top 5 most used metals?

A
Iron
Aluminium
Copper
Zinc
Manganese
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10
Q

What are the properties of metals?

A

They are hard and strong
They are solids at room temperature (Except for Mercury). They have a shiny lustre when polished
They make good conductors of heat
They make good conductors of electricity
They are dense, malleable and ductile

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11
Q

What is a mechanism?

A

A mechanism is a system of moving parts that performs some function. They are used to reduce the effort in relation to work

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12
Q

What are different types of mechanisms?

A

Levers and linkages
Wheels
Pulleys
Gears

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13
Q

What are the three basic building blocks of mechanic control?

A

Input
Process
Output

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14
Q

What is the input?

A

The input is usually a force and initiates the process.eg. A foot on a pedal

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15
Q

What is the process?

A

The process will change the magnitude or direction of the force.eg. Mechanisms allow petrol into the engine

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16
Q

What is the output?

A

The output is what performs the desired task.eg. Car moves

17
Q

Complete this sentence, a mechanism

A

Has an input, process and output
Can change the direction in which a force acts
Can change the size of the force
Can change the place where the force acts

18
Q

What is a lever?

A

A lever is a type of mechanism, perhaps the earliest form of mechanism

19
Q

What are the three basic parts of the lever?

A

Fulcrum
Load
Effort

20
Q

What are the different types of levers?

A

Class 1 lever
Class 2 lever
Class 3 lever

21
Q

What is does a class 1 lever look like? Give an example.

A

Load Effort
——————————- Eg. Scissors/crowbar
Fulcrum
Or pivot point

22
Q

What does a class 2 lever look like? Give an example.

A

Load
———————————– Eg. Wheelbarrow
Fulcrum Effort
Or pivot point

23
Q

What does a class 3 lever look like? Give an example.

A

Load
———————————- Eg. Tweezers
Fulcrum Effort
Or pivot point

24
Q

What is a gear?

A

Gears are wheels with teeth which mesh to transmit rotary motion. When two or more gears mesh it is called a gear train

25
Q

What are the two types of gears?

A

Simple

Compound

26
Q

What are some types of gear systems?

A

Rack and pinion
Worm and wheel
Bevel gears

27
Q

What is a rack and pinion?

A

Converts rotary motion into linear

28
Q

What is a worm and wheel?

A

The worm gear is usually found on an electric motor. For one rotation of the worm the wheel rotates by one tooth

29
Q

What is a bevel gear?

A

Gears are cone-shaped. The angle is known as a bevel. They transfer rotary motion through 90 degrees

30
Q

What is the four types of motion?

A

Linear
Reciprocating
Rotary
Oscillating

31
Q

What is linear motion?

A

Straight line motion

32
Q

What is rotary motion?

A

Round and round

33
Q

What is reciprocating motion?

A

Straight line - backwards and forwards

34
Q

What is oscillating motion?

A

Swings backwards and forwards in a sort of rotary motion

35
Q

What are the different types of plastics?

A

Thermosetting plastics

Thermoplastics

36
Q

What are cams?

A

A cam changes the input motion, which is usually rotary motion, to a reciprocating motion of the follower. They are found in many machines and toys

37
Q

What is an eccentric cam?

A

An eccentric cam is a disc with its centre of rotation positioned ‘off centre’. This means as the cam rotates, the flat follower rises and falls at a constant rate. This type of cam is the easiest to make and yet it is the most useful