Revision (topic test) Flashcards
Thursday 13th December 2018 (34 cards)
Fallopian Tubes
Fallopian tubes connect the ovaries to the uterus. There are two fallopian tubes on each side of the uterus. Their job is to transport the egg down to the uterus. Fallopian tubes are also known as oviduct or egg tube. They are lined with tiny hairs. Theses are called cilia. - they help to omove to the egg through the fallopian tubes to the uterus. Fertilisation of the egg by tthe sperm takes place in the fallopian tubes.
Sign and Symptoms of Pregnancy
- missed period
- more frequent urination
- feeling exhausted, dizzy or faint
- enlarged, tender breasts
- a metallic taste in the mouth
- morning sicknesses
Sign and Symptoms of Pregnancy
missed period —> the first sign of pregnancy is often a missed period, or a very light period
breast changes —> the breasts may feel similar to just before a period, becoming larger and feeling tneder
passing urine frequently —> pregnant women often need to pass urine frequently
tiredness —> women may feel tired and exhausted, particularly the first 12 weeks of pregnancy
nausea —> feeling sick or nauseous, and/or vomiting when pregnant is often called ‘morning sickness’
Sign and Symptoms of Pregnancy
FSH/LH —> stimulate the ovaries to produce oestrogen
Oestrogen —> development of female sex organs
progesterone —> needed to be able to prepare for ovulation, conception and pregnancy
HCG —> hormone produced by placenta affter fertilisation
Oxytocin —> stimulates the uterus to contract during labour and birth
Prolactin —> controls milk production
Twins
Identical twins (monozygotic) - develop from one zygote, which splits and forms two embryos. 70% share the same placenta but have separate amniotic sacs. 29% have separate placentas and a separate amnotic sac. 1% share the same and amniotic sac.
Twins
Fraternal or Non-identical twins (dizygotic) - develops froma separate egg and each egg is fertilised by its own sperm cell. Fraternal twins each have their own placenta and own amniotic sac.
Ovulation and Fertilisation
Every month an ovum (egg cell) is released from an
ovary into the oviduct. This is called OVULATION. If there are sperm cells in the oviduct the ovum may join with one of them. This is called FERTILISATION. The fertilised ovum then travles down to the uterus where it grows into a baby.
Where are sperm produced?
testes
Where are sperm stored?
epididymis
What is the bag containing the testicles?
scrotum
Which part is also called the ‘sperm tube’?
vas deferens
Which part covers the tip of the penis?
foreskin
Which part is removed in circumcision?
foreskin
Which tube carries both semen and urine?
urethra
Semen contains:
sperm and fluid form the seminal vesicles and prostate grand
An ejaculate of semen normally contains:
many millions of sperm
Fertilisation
After ovulation, the egg moves into the fallopian tube.
If sexual intercourse has taken place recently, many sperms will surround the egg. After being fertilised, the egg starts to divide first into two cells, then four, and so on. When it reaches the uterus, it is a hollow ball of cells. About six days after fertilisation, it becomes implanted in the uterus lining.
Which is the main male sex hormone?
testosterone
Which is the most important hormone in maintaining pregnancy?
prolactin
Which hormone control milk production?
progesterone
Which hormone stimulates the uterus to contract during childbirth?
oxytocin
Female reproductive system - female body during puberty
- female sex hormones are produced
- periods start
- hair grows in armpits
The technical name for an egg is:
ovum
Fertilisation takes place in:
a fallopian tube
