revision summary biology 3a

Question 1

What causes type 1 diabetes? How can type 1 diabetes be controlled?

Answer 1

. Its a condition in the pancreas where it produces no insulin.
. To control it inject yourself with insulin.

Question 2

Describe what happens when blood glucose level is too high.

Answer 2

Glucose is take into our cells. extra glucose is removed by the liver and turned into glycogen. the pancreas releases insulin.

Question 3

What are the advantages and disadvantages of a kidney transplant over dialysis.

Answer 3

advantage: Its a one of treatment, Live a normal life, don’t need to live near a hospital.
Disadvantages: can cause infection, has to take medicine to suppress the immune system, could be rejected by the body.

Question 4

How does kidney dialysis work?

Answer 4

a needle is inserted into a blood vessel in the patients arm to remove blood, the patients blood flow through the dialysis machine between partially permeable membranes surrounded by dialysis fluid. Excess water, ions and urea are filtered out of the blood. the blood is then returned to the patient through a vein.

Question 5

Explain why sugar doesn’t simply diffuse back into the blood from the nephrons.

Answer 5

Because its been used by the body

Question 6

Name three things that are reabsorbed by the kidney

Answer 6

Water
ions
glucose

Question 7

Explain why your urine is likely to be more concentrated on a hot day?.

Answer 7

Because water is released via sweat so there is less excess to be released via urine.

Question 8

give three ways in which water is lost from the body.

Answer 8

sweat
urine
breathing

Question 9

what three main jobs do the kidneys do?

Answer 9

Removal of urea from the blood
adjustment of ions in the blood
adjustment of water content in the blood

Question 10

three things that the body can do to reduce heat loss if it gets cold.

Answer 10

hairs stand up
blood vessels constrict
shiver

Question 11

four things the body needs to keep fairly constant

Answer 11

body temperature
water content
ion content
blood sugar level

Question 12

Define homeostasis

Answer 12

Homeostasis is the regulation of conditions in the
body such as temperature, water content and carbon dioxide levels. Diabetes is a condition where the body cannot regulate its blood glucose levels.

Question 13

What does a stent do?

Answer 13

keeps the artery open to help the blood flow through it properly.

Question 14

state one part of the hear that can be replaced with artificial parts, and give one potential complication.

Answer 14

the valve, It could be rejected by the body