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Catering > Revision Questions -section 1 > Flashcards

Revision Questions -section 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Give three reasons why our body needs protein

A

For growth , repair and maintenance

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2
Q

Name four alternative proteins

A

Soya , Tofu , TVP , Mycoprotien

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3
Q

Describe two effects caused by an excess of protein

A

There would be a lot of pressure and strain on the liver and kidney , causing them not to function properly, which can be dangerous.

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4
Q

Describe two effects caused by a deficiency of protein

A

Your growth will slow down and the immune system can’t work properly causing wounds to not heal quickly

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5
Q

Give three reasons why our body needs fat

A

Energy , nutrients and insulation

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6
Q

Explain the difference between saturated and unsaturated fats

A

Saturated fats are bad for you , as they come from animal products and they are solid at room temperature.

Whereas, unsaturated fats are healthier and are made from vegetable sources and are liquid at room temperature.

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7
Q

Describe four effects of having excess amounts of fat

A

Causes weight gain , Leads to obesity ,Can cause type 2 diabetes and increases blood cholesterol levels .

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8
Q

Describe four effects of having fat deficiency

A

Causes vitamin deficiency, it will cause weight loss , less insulation causes your body to become colder and a thin layer of fat causes your body to be less protected

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9
Q

Describe three effects causes by a carbohydrates deficiency

A

Causes blood glucose levels to drop , not enough energy and it causes us to lose muscles .

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10
Q

Describe three effects of having an excess amount of carbohydrates

A

It causes obesity , tooth decay and there would be rapid surges in blood glucose levels

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11
Q

List five foods which are rich in b-vitamins

A

Milk , liver , wheat , nuts , meat

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12
Q

Why is vitamin B1 important in the diet ?

A

It helps the nervous system and allows energy to be released from foods

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13
Q

Explain the importance of vitamin B2 in the diet ?

A

Helps release energy and repairs tissue

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14
Q

Explain the importance of vitamin B9 in the diet

A

It is critical for growth , healthy babies and it works with vitamin B12 to make red blood cells

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15
Q

Explain the importance of vitamin B12 in the diet

A

It helps the nervous system and if works with vitamin B9 to make red blood cells

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16
Q

Explain the importance of vitamin c in the diet

A

It protects the body from infection and allergies , keeps blood vessels healthy and heals wounds

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17
Q

Why do we need calcium in our body ? What foods is it found in ?

A

For strong bones and teeth , healthy nerves and muscles .

Found in milk , cheeses , tofu , green leafy vegetables .

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18
Q

What does too little or too much calcium do to our body ?

A

Too much calcium can increase the risk of getting kidney stones .

Too little calcium during childhood can lead to rickets or osteoporosis

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19
Q

What does iron do for the body ? What foods is it found in ?

A

Iron is needed for haemoglobin which allows blood cells to be red.

It’s found in green leafy vegetables and meat

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20
Q

How does having too much or too little iron affect the body ?

A

Too much iron can cause stomach pains , nausea and constipation .

Too little iron can cause anaemia

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21
Q

Why is phosphorus need in the body ? What foods is it found in ?

A

Phosphorus is needed for healthy bones and teeth .

It is found in protein rich foods like meat , fish , dairy products, nuts .

22
Q

What are two types of trace elements ?

A

Fluoride and iodine

23
Q

Why is it important to keep the body hydrated ?

A

To eliminate waste from the body
Control body temperatures
Aid the process of digestion

24
Q

What happens if you are dehydrated?

A

You will have slower reactions , blood thickens making it harder for blood to flow , increase in body temperatures

25
Q

What are the five parts on the eatwell plate ?

A

Fruit and vegetables

Carbohydrates

Protein

Dairy products

Oils and speeds

26
Q

Describe the nutritional needs for a older child

A

They need to consume protein , carbohydrates, fat calcium and vitamin D . This will help them grow , help bones and teeth develop and provide them with energy .

27
Q

Describe the nutritional needs for a teenager

A

They need to consume , protein- which will help with growth spurts .iron and vitamin C - helps the body absorb iron .calcium and vitamin D - helps skeleton to grow

28
Q

Describe the nutritional needs for adults

A

Following the eat well plate and consume iron , calcium and vitamin D to prevent bone diseases

29
Q

Describe the nutritional needs for elderly adults

A

They need calcium and vitamin D - helps bones stay strong and reduces the risk of bone diseases .vitamin B12 keeps the brain healthy . Fibre -helps digestive system work . Vitamin A -maintain good eyesight

30
Q

Describe the causes of obesity

A

Causes include incorrect balance of energy , eating foods high in fat and sugar , not having a healthy lifestyle .

31
Q

Describe the Heath problems of obesity

A

High blood and cholesterol levels increases the chances of getting coronary heart disease. Greater risk of getting type 2 diabetes or cancer . Breathing difficulties.

32
Q

Describe the causes of coronary heart disease

A

Eating too much saturated fats
Not exercising
Smoking
High blood pressure

33
Q

Describe the Heath problems of coronary heart disease

A
  • blood can’t pass through your blood vessels

* Blood clots form ,causing high risk of having a heart attack

34
Q

Describe the causes of anaemia

A
  • not eating enough iron-rich food e.g red meat
  • Women lose iron when on their period
  • Pregnant women lose iron the their baby during pregnancy
35
Q

Describe the causes of type 2 diabetes

A
  • Being overweight or obese

* Consuming excessive sugar

36
Q

Describe the health problems of type 2 diabetes

A
  • causes long term health problems such as , poor eyesight , kidney failure and cardiovascular disease
  • Tired and thirsty
  • passing urine more often
37
Q

Explain the health problems and how you can prevent rickets

A

Rickets is a condition that means that the bones in your body are soft and weak . To prevent this health problem you need to make sure you consume lots of food containing vitamin D

38
Q

Explain the health problem osteoporosis and how you can prevent it

A

Osteoporosis is a bone disease which weakens bones and makes them brittle , increasing the risk of fractures . Eating foods rich in vitamin D or calcium can help prevent osteoporosis.

39
Q

Explain what the health problem tooth decay is and how it can be prevented

A

Tooth decay is where plaque ( sticky substance) builds up on your teeth over time . Brushing your teeth with fluoride toothpaste twice a day and eating food with less sugar content with help prevent tooth decay

40
Q

What is basal metabolic rate ?

A

It is the smallest amount of energy needed for you to stay alive

41
Q

What is physical activity level ?

A

Is a measure of how active you are

42
Q

What percentage of our total energy should come from carbohydrates?

A

50%

43
Q

What percentage of our total energy should come from fat ?

A

35%

44
Q

What percentage of our total energy should come from protein?

A

15%

45
Q

What is a nutritional analysis ? Where can u find nutritional data ?

A

A nutritional analysis is about the nutritional content of foods . You can use reference tables and software to find nutritional data

46
Q

How can u modify a recipe to reduce sugar ?

A

Use fewer sugar condiments and se less sugar when baking

47
Q

How can u modify a recipe to reduce salt ?

A

Use less foods that have salt added to them . Create own sauces because ready made ones are high in salt . Use other seasonings

48
Q

How can u modify a recipe to reduce saturated fats ?

A

Use low fat spreads . Allow fat to drain away when cooking. Eat lean cuts if meat and grill or bake instead of frying

49
Q

How can u modify a recipe to increase fibre ?

A

Go for whole meal bread , flour and pasta . Include more beans and lentils . Eat skin on potatoes

50
Q

What are the two ways that you can measure your potion size ?

A

One portion of meat should be the size of your palm .one portion of cooked vegetables should be the size of your fist

Catering (6 decks)

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