Revision Questions Flashcards
1
Q
What are the key resources for human wellbeing? (3)
A
Food, water and energy
2
Q
Which key resource is being described below?
This resource provides us with energy that is needed to work and enjoy ourselves. We measure this resource in calories.
A
Food
3
Q
Which key resource is being described below?
The average person in the UK uses 150 litres of this a day.
A
Water
4
Q
Which key resource is being described below?
It heats our homes, us used to manufacture goods, process food and power transport.
A
Energy
5
Q
How many calories should the average adult consume each day?
A
2000-2500
6
Q
If a country has abundant resources, what is the likely outcome? (3)
A
- Economies develop
- Societies thrive
- People enjoy a good quality of life
7
Q
True or false? There is a growing pressure on resources as the world’s population grows.
A
True
8
Q
How would water use in the UK be described? (Hint: industry, domestic purposes and agriculture) (3)
A
- 75% of water is used in industry
- 22% of water is used for domestic purposes
- 3% of water is used in agriculture
9
Q
True or false? The introduction of machinery during the industrial and agricultural revolution led to huge improvements in economic and social wellbeing.
A
True
10
Q
What are examples of fossil fuels? (3)
A
- Coal
- Oil
- Gas
11
Q
True or false? The use of renewable energy such as water, wind and solar is increasingly being used to meet our energy needs.
A
True
12
Q
True or false? Global resources are evenly distributed across the world.
A
False
13
Q
What are the reasons for undernourishment and undernutrition in places in Africa? (3)
A
- Hostile physical conditions
- Low levels of technology
- Political instability
14
Q
Which regions are prone to water shortage? (2)
A
- Africa
- Parts of the Middle East
15
Q
True or false? In some parts of Africa, people have to spend a lot of time gathering water, which has a positive impact on economic development and social wellbeing.
A
False
16
Q
Energy, particularly non-renewables are…
A
… unevenly distributed around the world.
17
Q
In theory, renewable resources are evenly distributed around the world, however…
A
… the high costs of development mean that many LICs are unable to use these resources.
18
Q
True or false? The UK has a resource surplus.
A
True
19
Q
What has aided the UK’s early and continued economic development in terms of food production? (5) (hint: think about environmental characteristics)
A
- Plenty of rainfall
- Mild temperatures
- Fertile soils
- Gentle relief
- Advanced technology
20
Q
Which regions have a food surplus? (3)
A
- Europe
- North America
- Asia
21
Q
What is the UK’s early and continued economic development in terms of energy due to? (3)
A
- Large fossil fuel resources
- Several nuclear power plants
- The potential for a range of renewable energies
22
Q
What is meant by the term ‘food miles’?
A
Food miles is the distance food is transported from the time of its production until it reaches a processing factory.
23
Q
True or false? It can be cheaper for food to be grown in an LIC and transported to the UK than it is to grow in this country.
A
True
24
Q
What has led to an all-year demand for seasonal food in the UK?
A
Consumer demand
25
What are the benefits of Kenyan farmers exporting food to the UK? (2)
1. Jobs are created in Kenya, for example in transport and packaging.
2. Taxes paid go to the government, which can then fund facilities such as schools and hospitals.
26
Why is there an increasing demand for organic produce on the UK? (3)
1. They are better for the environment as chemical pesticides and fertilisers are not used.
2. They are healthier.
3. Animals are not fed drugs.
27
Why is organic produce expensive?
Yield tend to be lower and production is more expensive.
28
True or false? Some foods grown in the UK have a greater carbon footprint than if they were imported due to the requirement of heated greenhouses.
True
29
True or false? Boats have higher carbon emissions than planes, which is why most produce is transported by air.
False
30
What does local food sourcing involve? (4)
1. Eating seasonal food.
2. Eating locally produced from farmers' markets or farm shops.
3. Home growing food
4. Importing only foods that cannot be grown in the UK.
31
What is agribusiness?
Increasing the size of farms by: - Reducing hedgerows
- Combining smaller farms - Increasing the use of mechanisation and chemicals.
32
True or false? Agribusiness is beneficial to the environment.
False
33
What is seasonal produce?
Seasonal produce refers to the times of year when the harvest or the flavour of a given food type food is at its peak.
34
How can the UK's changing demand for water best be described?
The amount of water used by the average household has increased by 70% since 1985.
35
What are reasons for the increasing demand for water in the UK? (3)
1. Increase in the population of the UK.
2. Increasing demand due to wealth (more people are buying water- intensive appliances).
3. Increasing demand for out-of-season food.
36
Where are the areas of water deficit and surplus in the UK?
West- water surplus
South east - water deficit
37
What is not a social reason for not developing a national grid for water so that water would flow through pipes from areas of surplus to areas of deficit?
Local communities would be displaced.
38
What is an example of a water transfer scheme in the UK?
Kielder
39
What percentage (%) of UK water is classified as 'good status' under the EU Water Framework Directive?
27%
40
What is not a cause of water pollution in the UK?
Water transfer schemes
41
What is a social impact of water pollution in the UK?
Toxins that contaminate shellfish or fish can cause birth defects and cancer.
42
What is not a strategy for managing water quality and pollution?
Household filters
43
What is a governmental method of managing water quality and pollution?
Creating legislation
44
What has happened to the demand for energy in the UK since 1970?
The demand for energy has decreased by 12%
45
Which of the following areas has experienced and increase in demand for energy in the UK since 1970?
A. Heavy industry
B. Domestic
C. Transport
C
46
True or false? Heavy industry in the UK uses 60% less industry now in the UK.
True
47
The energy mix for the UK at 11am on 18th August 2019 was:
Nuclear- 21.6%
Gas- 12.6%
Coal- 0.0%
Wind- 33.0%
Solar- 19.5%
Hydro- 1.5%
Biomass- 4.7%
Import- 6.7%
Storage- 0.0%
Other- 0.4%
What does this show?
The majority of the energy produced involved using renewable energy sources.
48
True or false? Nuclear energy is a non-renewable energy source; however, it does not contribute greenhouse gases.
True
49
True or false? Renewable energy sources contribute to climate change.
False
50
What are examples of fossil fuels? (4)
1. Coal
2. Oil
3. Natural gas
4. Nuclear energy
51
Why is the UK becoming less reliant on fossil fuels in energy production? (3)
1. Declining reserves of coal, oil and gas in the UK.
2. Existing nuclear energy power stations are due to close by 2023
3. Targets for greenhous gas emissions
52
What is an environmental issue associated with fossil fuels?
Carbon dioxide is released, leading to climate change and acid rain.
53
True or false? An economic impact of using nuclear energy as a source of energy are the high costs associated with transporting and storing nuclear waste.
True
54
What are environmental issues associated with renewable energy sources? (3)
1. Many renewables are considered unattractive and ruin views in the countryside and the coast.
2. Wind turbines affect bird migration and bat life.
3. Hydroelectric dams flood land upstream, changing the landscape and wildlife.
55
What are economic issues associated with renewable energy resources? (3)
1. Biomass means land is not used for food production, potentially increasing costs.
2. Low profitability is a concern.
3. Cost of construction rises in remote areas.
56
True or false? The world produces enough food to feed everyone on the planet.
True
57
What is food insecurity?
Being without reliable access to a sufficient quantity of affordable, nutritious food.
58
What is famine?
A widespread, serious shortage of food. In the worst cases, it can lead to starvation and even death.
59
What is undernutrition?
When people do not eat enough nutrients to cover their needs for energy and growth or to maintain a healthy immune system.
60
What is food security?
When people at all times have access to sufficient, safe, nutritious food to maintain a healthy, active life.
61
Which of the following statements about calorie intakenis not true?
A. On avergae people need 2500 calories per day.
B. Calorie intake around the world is uneven.
C. The highest calorie intake is in North America and Europe.
D. The lowest calorie intake is in Australasia.
D
62
Which regions experience food insecurity? (3)
1. Africa
2. The Middle East
3. Parts of Asia
63
What is not a reason for rapid economic development causing an increased demand for food?
Economic development reduces the amount of food produced.
64
True or false? The world's population has increased rapidly since 1950. Most of this growth has been in LICs and NEEs where food production is low and many people suffer from insecurity.
True
65
What factors can affect food supply? (6)
1. Climate
2. Technology
3. Pests and diseases
4. Water stress
5. Conflict
6. Poverty
66
What is not a climatic factor that affects food supply?
Lack of irrigation
67
What are examples of technology that can affect food supply? (3)
1. Lack of irrigation
2. Lack of storage facilities
3. Lack of transport infrastructure
68
True or false? Water stress is caused by a lack of water security, together with drought, climate change and the expense of large- scale water transfer projects.
True
69
What is not an example of how poverty can have an effect on food supply?
Drought
70
What are not examples of the impacts of food insecurity? (4)
1. Famine and undernourishment
2. Soil erosion
3. Rising prices
4. Social unrest
71
What are strategies that can be used to increase food supply? (5)
1. Irrigation
2. Aeroponics and hydroponics
3. New green revolution use of technology
4. Biotechnology
5. Appropriate technology
72
Identify the strategy fro increasing food supply described below:
This is a controversial scientific approach aimed at increasing yields by genetically modifying products or processes.
Biotechnology
73
Identify the strategy for increasing food supply described below:
Abstracting water from a river or aquifier to provide water then there is not enough available naturally.
Irrigation
74
Identify the strategy for increasing food supply described below:
An approach that is sustainable and environmentally friendly. It promotes nutrient recycling, crop rotation and mixed farming.
New green revolution use of technology
75
Identify the strategy for increasing food supply described below:
A modern scientific technique to grow crops without using soil.
Aeroponics and hydroponics
76
Identify the strategy for increasing food supply described below:
The use of low-technology solutions, often with the support of NGOs and charities.
Appropriate technology
77
What is food loss?
'Food loss' refers to food that spills, spoils, incurs an abnormal reduction in quality such ad bruising or wilting, or otherwise gets lost before it reaches the consumer.
78
Where does food waste take place?
Food waste typically, but not exclusively, takes place at the retail and consumption stages in the food value chain.
79
True or false? Hydroponics and aeroponics are the same agricultural techniques.
False
80
What is not a strategy for reducing food waste?
Tackling pests in the field with pesticides
81
Which sustainable food initiative leads to an initial decline in yields?
Organic farming
82
What are causes of water pollution in the UK? (3)
1. Chemical pesticides and fertilisers from farmland.
2. Oil from boats and ships
3. Hot water from cooling processes pumped into rivers
83
What are strategies for managing water quality and pollution? (3)
1. Legislation
2. Education
3. Waste treatment plants
84
What are reasons for rapid economic development causing an increased demand for food? (3)
1. As people get richer, they can afford to buy a greater quantity and variety of food.
2. Meat consumption increases with economic development.
3. Demand for convenience and highly processed foods increases with economic development.
85
What are climatic factors that affect food supply? (3)
1. Droughts
2. Climate change
3. Floods
86
What are examples of how poverty can have an effect on food supply? (3)
1. Farmers cannot afford high-quality seeds
2. A lack of balanced diet reduces a farmer's ability to work.
3. A lack of machinery that would enable greater yields.
