Revision Questions Flashcards
Legislation for amalgam waste
COSHH
Environment protection 1999
Hazardous waste
What is the spaulding classification
Critical - devices that enter the tissue that is usaully sterile or enters vascular system
Semi Critical - instruments that have contact with intact mucous membrane but does not penetrate sterile tissue
Non critical - Instruments that contact with intact skin only
What is the elements of sinner circle?
Time
Temp
Chemical
Energy
What is the lift cycle of instruments
Cleaining Disinfection Inspection Packaging Sterilisation Transport Stroage use
What does cleaning mean?
Remove any biological matter, bodily lfuids, proteins or infectious substances
What does disinfection mean?
Targeting microbial presence and reducing amount on surface of instruments. removes some microns
What does sterile mean?
Free from all viable micro organsisms
Instrument sterile if probability that there are viable microbes on instrument = to 1 in a million
What is the criteira for transportation containers?
Rigid and durable
Tight fitting lid
Must be easily cleaned and disinfected
Leak proff
Why do we need to sterilise instruments
Reduces probability of infection transmission
Legislative and profressional standards
International strandards for surgical instruments
High quality of care for patients
Reasons for manaual washing
Manual scrubbing with brush exerts a greater force than the washer disinfector
Some pieces of instruments can only be manually washed
Ultrasonic baths good at removing contamination
Reasons against manual washing
Member of staff has to be present Aerosol production Risk of sharp injuries Potential for inconsistency - human error Risk for contaminating surrounding area Ultrasonic can damage some instruments
What is the detergent used for manaul washing?
Neutral enzymatic
What is the water temp for manual washing
30-35 degrees - rinse/immerse in purified water after cleaning and then dry
How is manual washing completed
Below the surface of the water
Long handled, soft bristle, non metallic brush taht can be processed throught a thermal washing cycle
What is non immersion
Appropraite for certain equipment where items will become compromised by soaking in aqueous solution
What is immersion
Wash temp important when using enzymatic detergents
What is an ultrasoninc cleaner?
Soundwaves at high frequency to produce bubbles that implode and have scourring effect against the surface of instruments
The soundwaves cause bubbles to rapdily expand and then collapse
What are the key points for an ultrasoinc cleaner
Take care when loading, no overlapping or shadowing, hinged instruments open
First run with instruments will be a daily test and rinse instruments after cleaning then dry
Always drain and fill x2 a day and always drain at end of day
Carry out weekly tests - daily test and cleaning efficacy/ protein test strip
What detergent is used for an ultrasoninc?
Neutral or enzymatic chemical
When do you degas an ultrasonic
After filling from emepty to remove air/oxygen from water otheriwse instruments are not cleaned correctly.
What does a washer disinfector do?
Produce clean instruments free from contamination, thermally disinfected and dry
Do not kill spores
Prions removed during washing process
What are the stages of the washer disinfector?
Pre wash/ flush - saturates the contaminated instruments <35
Main wash - supplemented with detergent to remove contamination
Rinse - removes any remaining residue, bioogically or chemically before thermal disinfection <65
Thermal disinfection - Actively killing micro-organsims with heated water - 90-95 for q min
Drying - removes any remaining moisture from instruments before sterilisation - 90-110`
What detergent is used for the WD?
Neutral (pH 7)
What are the weekly tests for the WD?
Daily test and cleaning efficacy test (protein test strip)
What are the daily and weekly checks for the WD?
Check spray arms rotate freely and without obstruction and no jets blocked
Check load carrier is not damaged and no debris
Check filters on bottom of chamber are clear
Check door seal is intact and no contamination
Check sufficient amount of chemical within reservoir of machine
Record cycle number. times, temp, volume, chemicals
What is clean steam?
Steam made from purifed water
Type N steriliser
Non vacuum, passive air removal
Gravity displacement sterilisers
Machine heats water in the chamber and as it turns to steam it passively forces air from chamber
Cannot process wrapped instruements, channelled and lumened instruments
Can be stored for 21 days after strilisation
134-137 for 3mins
Type B steriliser
Vacuum, active air removal
Removal all air from the chamber using a vacuum pump creating a negative pressure
Fills chamber with steam
Can pentrate wrapped instruments
Can be stored for 60 days after strilisation
Type S steriliser
Specialsed for certain instruments
Washes and lubricates handpeices
Vacuum cycle but does not process wrapped instruments
What are the daily checks for the steriliser?
Check seal of door
Check no instruments in loard carrier or debris
Check inside of chamber
Check sufficent amount of water in reservoir
Why do you use deminerlised water?
Prevents deposit of minerals on machine and instruments
What are the tests carried out on sterilisers
Helix Bowie/ Bowie Dick Test - for type B sterilisers, checks for steam penetration and informs temp has been reached (yellow to blue) - daily basis
Vacuum leak test/air leakafe test - check vacuum capability of machine on weekly basis
Air dector function test - check safety device within machine for detecting air - weeekly basis
