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Science > Revision Of Matter And Classification > Flashcards

Revision Of Matter And Classification Flashcards

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1
Q

Brittle def

A

How easy it is to break

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2
Q

Malleable

A

The material can be bent and hammered into sheets

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3
Q

Ductile

A

The material can be drawn into wire

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4
Q

Thermal conductivity

A

The material can conduct heat

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5
Q

Electrical conductivity

A

Material conducts electricity

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6
Q

Lustre

A

Shine that material has

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7
Q

Magnetic

A

Material can be attracted by a magnet

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8
Q

Density

A

Mass of material per unit volume

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9
Q

Sonorous

A

Material emits ringing sound when struck

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10
Q

Melting point

A

Temperature at which material changes from solid to liquid

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11
Q

Boiling point

A

Temperature at which material changes from liquid to gas

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12
Q

Types of mixtures

A

Homogeneous and heterogeneous

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13
Q

Mixture

A

Two or more substances combined in which the substances retain their own properties
•Substances present in ratio

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14
Q

Homogeneous mixture

A
  • Mixture with the same composition throughout

* Usually consists of substances in the same phase

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15
Q

Examples of homogenous mixtures

A
  • Saline solution
  • Metal alloy
  • Water and sugar without crystals at the bottom
  • Air
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16
Q

Heterogenous mixture

A
  • A mixture without a uniform composition

* Any combination of molecules that do not dissolve in one another

17
Q

Examples of heterogeneous mixtures

A
  • Sand and water
  • Oil and water
  • Sugar and water with crystals at the bottom
  • Salt water
18
Q

Suspension

A

When a substance does not dissolve but is merely dispersed throughout the solvent or water

19
Q

Emulsion

A

When you take two or more substances that are immiscible and attempt to mix them

20
Q

Immiscible

A

When two liquids do not mix

21
Q

Emulsifiers

A

Substances added to emulsions to stop them from separating into layers

22
Q

Example of emulsion

A

Mayonnaise as a result of egg yolk in oil

23
Q

Checks for boiling point

A
  • By using boiling points or melting points as a guide

* Chromatography

24
Q

Properties of mixtures

A
  • Impure substance
  • Physical combination of two or more substances
  • Separated by physical means
  • Substances making up mixtures retain their properties
25
Q

Element properties

A
  • Pure substance
  • Has one atom
  • Can’t be separated
  • Has own unique properties
26
Q

Compound properties

A
  • Pure substance
  • Chemical combination of two or more elements
  • Made by elements in fixed ratios
  • Can be separated by chemical means
  • Properties of compounds are different from the properties of elements
27
Q

Solid phase

A
  • Strong forces called crystal lattice
  • Vibrate in fixed position
  • Has shape
  • Has volume
  • Particles are close to each other
28
Q

Liquid phase

A
  • Weaker forces than solid
  • Particles move over each other
  • Takes shape of container
  • Has own volume
  • Particles are close together not compressible
29
Q

Gas phase

A
  • No forces
  • Free to move
  • No shape, fills container
  • Has volume of container
  • Compressible particles,far apart
30
Q

Freezing point

A

Temperature at which a liquid changes to a solid

31
Q

What happens when a gas vools?

A

Condenses

32
Q

Evaporation

A

When the molecules near the surface with more kinetic energy overcome forces of attraction and escape the liquid and turn into water vapour

33
Q

What happens after evaporation

A

The less energetic particles are left, causing remaining liquid to drop

34
Q

Differences between evaporation and boiling

A
  • Evaporation happens at any temperature and boiling happens at a specific temperature
  • Evaporation takes place at the surface only but boiling throughout the liquid
  • Boiling takes place when vapour in bubbles is equal to atmospheric pressure.
35
Q

Sublimation

A

When a substance goes straight from being a solid to a gas

36
Q

What happens to molecules of the solid phase when heated?

A
  • They vibrate more energetically, increasing their average kinetic energy and thus the temperature rises
  • While these molecules vibrate forces of attraction build up and therefore when they get close to each other there are forces of repulsion between them

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