REVISION OF EYE ANATOMY

Question 1

What are the three layers of the eye?

Answer 1

Fibrous layer - cornea and sclera
Vascular layer (uveal tract) - iris, ciliary body, choroid
Neurosensory layer - Retina

Question 2

What is the name for the area of concentrated levels of cones rather than rods in the retina?

Answer 2

Fovea within the macula

Question 3

When examining the posterior segment of the eye, what must you note about the optic disc?

Answer 3

Colour
Cup
Contour

Question 4

What pathology might a pale optic disc indicate?

Answer 4

Optic atrophy (death of the retinal ganglion cell axons that comprise the optic nerve)

Question 5

When looking at the back of the eye, which vessels are the thicker ones?

Answer 5

The veins

Question 6

When looking at the back of the eye, which vessels pulsate?

Answer 6

The veins - spontaneous venous pulsation

Question 7

Where in the eye is aqueous humour produced?

Answer 7

Ciliary body behind the iris

Question 8

Where is the anterior chamber of the eye?

Answer 8

In front of the iris. Aqueous humour flows through the pupil into the anterior chamber.

Question 9

Where is the posterior chamber of the eye?

Answer 9

In front of the lens behind the iris.

Question 10

Where is aqueous humour drained out of the anterior chamber?

Answer 10

90% Via the trabecular meshwork through the canals of Schlemm, which sit at the base of the iris, and then back into the circulation

10% via the uveoscleral outflow - through the tendons of the ciliary muscle and then reabsorbed by the sclera.

Question 11

How aqueous humour produced?

Answer 11

Secretion via active transport (75%)

Ultrafiltration (25%)