Revision Midterm Flashcards
What is a topic?
only one word
What is the theme?
a full sentence
What is theatron?
seeing place
What is a performance in the framework of the story, speaking or singing the words of a more or less fixed text?
Drama
A space for dramatic performences?
Theater
Name 5 literary elements
Theme, symbolism, plot, monologue, and irony
Technical elements; there are stage props name them(4)
Costumes, make-up, lights, and decorations
What is the use of the technical elements?
Highlight the theme
Body language, mouvement, and the voice (variation of tone) are?
Performance elements
What do you find in literary, technical, and performance elements?
Stage directions
(evolution of drama)
religious rituals are found in which countries(2) in particular?
Africa and Ancient Egypt
Asia and Japan; Noh vs Kabuki what do they represent?
Noh: for the rich aristocratic
Kabuki: for the masses
What is the name of the writing festival in Ancient Greece?
Sophocoles won it many times
The City Dyonisa
What deos secular mean?
when does theater become secular?
non religious
Renaissance
Where can you find secular festivities?
Ancient Rome
What does the church think about theater in the early Middle Ages?
The Church discourages it
What does the church think about theater in the late Middle Ages?
encourages religious theater
When does Theater become a distinct institution?
Renaissance
When does Antiquity end (Middle ages begin)?
476
When does the Renaissance begin( end of middle ages)?
around 1500
What does Tragedy focuses on?
The misfortune of the individual
What does the Comedy focuses on?
Fortune of the community or common good
What is a distinct ending in comedy?
Often ends with marriages or some sort of celebration
The sense of reform or renewal of the society is associeted with?
Comedy
The protagonist is singled out through circumstances and his own actions, both of which bring to his downfall. This is?
Tragedy
What are the 5 stages in order of Tragedy according to Aristotle?
Miasma, Hamartia, Peripetia, , Anagnorisis, and Catharsis
What is Miasma?
The pollution, will go away once the hero falls
What is Hamartia?
The fatal flaw often hubris(excessive pride and the defiance of the Gods)
What is Peripetia?
Things are crumbling good to bad
What is Cartharsis?
The cleansing it is only possible because the hero falls
What is Anagnorisis?
The enlightment phase
What are the 3 unities?
Time, place and action
Name 2 Greek playwrights
Sophocles and Euripides
What is the chorus and name 2 characteristics?
It represents the audiance and its questions and they often wear masks and talk in unison
What is the choragos?
Rich Athenians that would pay for the costumes and other things and he is the leader of the chorus
Name the 3 types of irony
verbal, situational, and dramatic
What is verbal irony?
Say something but mean the opposite
What is situational irony
making decisions and actions to avoid something , and by doing those you make it happen
What is dramatic irony?
we know something they don’t
Name 3 characteristics of symbolism
Appear more than once in the story
described at length
placed stategecally in the story
What is something that is concrete?
Symbols/symbolism
symbols can be (3)?
an object
an action
a color
anything
What is the difference between cultural and literary symbolism?
cultural: society shares the symbol
literary: the meaning of the symbol is tighed to the text
What is the line that separates the stage and the apron?
Proscenium line/arc
Name all the places on stage in order of importance (most to least)?
Downstage center, stage center, downstage right, downstage left, upstage center, stage right, stage left, upstage right, upstage left
What are the wings (stage)?
the curtains
Why is it called downstage and upstage?
Because the stage was inclined
Why was the stage inclined?
so the audience could see what was happening at the back of the stage
What is the Renaissance?
return of the art and esthetic values of Antiquity
What is Shakespeare’s last play?
The tempest
During the Renaissance 1 country had political upheaval and had stricter laws which one is it?
England
In the Renaissance if you wanted to be an actor you had to be in_______ under the protection of a _____ or _______.
theatrical company
lord
lady
Name 2 reasons why theaters were not allowed within city limits
The plague and the church
Which company was Shakespeare a part of?
Lord Chamberlain’s Men or the King’s Men
What are stakeholders?
playwrights, actors, etc.
Were women allowed to participate in a play?
No
Name the 4 characteristics of the Blackfriar
500 capacity
private playhouse
rectangular
for the fortunate class
Name the two main theaters?
Blackfriar and the Globe
Name 4 characteristics of the Globe
3000 capacity
circular
open playhouse
for all classes
In the Globe could people in front of the stage get wet if it rained?
Yes
In the Globe what is the difference between seated places and standing up places?
seated: pricier
standing up: cheaper
What is the name for someone who wrote plays?
craftsman
Why are playwrihgters called craftsmen?
because they would take a well-known story (based on history) and craft it to change it a little
Wrighting plays is not about originality ut more about __________?
craftsmanship
Who were the royalty during Shakespeare,s time?
Elizabeth 1
James 1
Under the reign of Elizabeth is __________?
Elizabetean
Under the reign of James is __________?
Jacobian
How many plays did Shakespeare write?
39
How many sonnets did Shakespeare write?
154
Who was Shakespeare’s wife?
name 2 characteristics about her
Anne Hathaway
she is older and very wealthy
Romance is a mix of 2 dramatic genres, which ones?
Tragedy and comedy
When was As You Like it written and when was it published?
1599-1600
1623
What is the date of birth and of death of Shakespeare?
1564-1616
Why was As You Like it published after Shakespeare’s death?
To keep the monopole of the play
If only they know the lines only they could make money off of the play
What does pastoral mean?
The idealazation of the countryside
What is As You Like it based on?
Rosalynde (1590): a pastoral romance of Thomas Lodge it is written in prose
What is Deus Ex Machina?
Give an example
The gods out of the machine they restore the peace
When the ending sounds like a fairytale (like all the marriages at the end of As You Like it)
Who is Hymen?
Greek God of marriage
In one word descibe Rosalind and Orlando’s love
True, pure, faithful, passionate
In one word describe Celia and Oliver’s love
Fast/quick, rushed, rash, impulsive, underdevelopped
In one word describe Audrey and Touchstones love
sexual, short-term love, desire, carnal (carne=viande), physical, lustful
In one word describe Phebe and Sylvius love
circumstantial, resigned, one-sided
Name the four Humors and their characteristics
Black bile- melancholic
Sanguine- blood
Phlegm- Phlegmatic (insansibility)
Yellow bile- choleric
What is the meaning of Aliena?
stranger
Who is Ganymede in the Greek mythology?
Zeus’s lover
He is very young
What is a touchstone?
A rock used to establish the worth of other metals
What is the contrast between the forest and the court?
freedom of speech
no freedom of speech
What is wrong with the court?
People in places of power are corrupted
Who is Jupiter?
Zeus
Who speaks and what is the meaning of this passage: His horses are bred/better; for, besides that they are fair with their feeding, they are/taught their manage,
Orlando is saying that his brother’s horses are more educated than him since his brother is keeping out of school
Who speaks and what is the meaning?
The duke is humorous: what he is, indeed,/ More suits you to conceive than I to speak of.
Le Beau
He can’t say what he wants because it might to Duke Frederick and it might upset him
What is Nature and what is Fortune?
Nature: everything that is innate, born with it
Fortune: Fate and luck (course of action)
Who speaks and what is the meaning?
And churlish chiding of the winter’s wind, /Which, when it bites and blows upon my body,/ Even till I shrink with cold, I smile and say/ This is no flattery: these are counsellors/ That feelingly persuade me what I am.
Duke Senior
That in the forest no one has to suck up to him. They can tell him the truth just like the wind that never lies to him it just bites(tells the truth as it is)
Who speaks and what is the meaning?
Live a little, comfort a little; cheer thyself a little. If this uncouth forest yield anything savage, I will either be food for it or bring it for food to thee.
Orlando
He is trying to cheer up Adam to make him continue a little until they find food.
Who created these lyrics and what is the purpose of the song?
If I do come to pass
That any man turn ass
Leaving his wealth and ease
A stubborn will to please
Ducdame, ducdame, ducdame
Here shall he see
Gross fools as he
And if he will come to me
Jaques
He is insulting everyone especially the duke senior
Who says this and what is the relevance?
“Truly the tree yields bad fruits”
Touchstone
He is insulting Orlando’s poetry
Who says this what is the meaning of the horns and what is the relevance?
Many a man knows no end of his goods; right many a man has no good horns and knows no end of them.
Touchstone
He is saying that every wife cheats on her husband.
The horns represent cuckoldry.
Who says this and what is the meaning?
I see no more in you than the ordinary of nature’s sale-work(ready-made goods).
Rosalind/Ganymede
She is putting Phebe in her place by telling her she isn’t exceptional
What are the 4 lessons Rosalind teaches Orlando?
1-Material things matter
2-Physical love is important but comes second to a true connection
3-Love isn’t the only thing in life it isn’t like air or water
4-Don’t idealize Rosalind she is human and inperfect
ho said it and what does it mean?
There is, sure, another flood toward, and these couples are coming to the ark.
Jaques
He is refering to Noah’s ark in the Bible because people(couples) are coming in pairs just like the animals before the flood.
Who speaks, to whom and what is the meaning?
You to his love must accord, or have a woman to your lord
Hymen to Phebe
You must respond to Sylvious love or have a woman as a husband
Who speaks and what is the relevance?
one of them thought but of an If, as If you said so, then I said so; and they shook hands and swore brothers.
Touchstone
The If is the only thing that saved him at the end of an argument with someone more powerful than him
Who says: “In his own conduct, purposely to take his brother here and put him to the sword”?
What does put him to the sword mean?
Jaques de Boys(brother of Oliver and Orlando)
kill someone
Duke Frederick giving the dukedom back to Duke Senior is ______?
Deus Ex Machina or the work of the gods
Who speaks and what does it mean?
“Meantime forget this new-fallen dignity, and fall into our rustic revelry(party).”
Duke Senior
He is saying let us party before going back to the court where we will have responsibilities and work to do.
Jaques tells Touchstone: “And you to wrangling for thy loving voyage is for but two months victuall’d.” What does it mean?
After two months the sexual desire will fade away and he will be left with nothing.
What shows that it is a new World?
Adam and Jaques who seemed like important characters are not present during the dance(only the youth remains)
Normally only the Gods say the epilogue but in the Book Rosalind says it why?
Because she did the work of the Gods
she arranged all the marriages
What is the gift of the forest?
Knowledge, Freedom, Tolerance, and Inclusion(all classes together)
Give 3 characteristics of the tragic hero
Above the common man
Wants the common good
Has a fatal flaw
Who says this?
“In matters where I have no cognizance I hold my tongue”p.23
Creon
Why should the reader feel pity and fear when reading a Tragedy?
to relate to the hero
Who is suspected of being Laius’s killer in act 2?
Oedipus
Why does Oedipus wants to find Laius’s killer?
To protect Thebes and its citizens
How does Tiresias “sees” better than Oedipus?
He knows the truth and Oedipus doesn’t
Who says this: “It is folly this attempt of yours, without a following, without friends, to hunt after a throne” and what does it mean?
Oedipus
You killed Laius and it is crazy for you to come after the throne because you have nothing
Ironic since it is how he became king
Who said this and what does it mean?
“Now I have all things without fear from you; reigned I myself, I must do much I hated.”
Creon
I don’t want to be king because I have all the priviledges of a king by proxy without the responsibilities.
Who loses constantly their temper?
Oedipus
Who says that Oedipus cheated the prophecy?
Jocasta
Who said; “One cannot be the same as many.”
and what does it mean(2)?
Oedipus
If it was robber”s” he is nor the murderer
and he can’t be a son, a husband, and a father (to Jocasta and their children)at the same time but he is
What does the death of Polybus mean?
That Oedipus did not kill Laius (false)
When Jocasta refuses to tell him about his parentage what does he assume?
That he might be a slave
What does Jocasta do at the end?
She kills herself (hanging)
What does Oedipus do at the end?
Pierce his eyes with Jocastas’s gold pins
Oedipus aks one favor to Creon at the end what is it?
Take care of my daughters
When Oedipus asks for exile what does Creon says?
We will ask the gods firt
Name 2 important symbols in Oedipus Rex
sight vs blindness
Fate vs Free will
What is Oedipus’s fatal flaw?
Hubris
defiance of the Gods and excessive pride
Does sarcasm= verbal irony?
No
Sarcasm is only a type of verbal irony
It is meant to hurt which is not always the case with verbal Irony
Who wrote Oedipus Rex and in which year?
Sophocles
soon after 430 B.C.
