Revision For Prelim

Question 1

What is the word equation for photosynthesis

Answer 1

Carbon. + water Light energy Sugar +oxygen

Dioxide ——————->

Question 2

What are the 2 reactions that take place during photosynthesis

Answer 2

The light reaction and carbon fixation

Question 3

What is biodiversity

Answer 3

The variety of life in the world or in a particular habitat or ecosystem

Question 4

What is a habitat

Answer 4

The area where an organism ( group of organisms) live

Question 5

What is a community

Answer 5

All the organisms ( plants and animals) living in a habitat

Question 6

What is the population

Answer 6

The total number of one species of plant or animal in a habitat

Question 7

What is a species

Answer 7

Organisms which can interbreed with one another to produce fertile offspring

Question 8

What is an ecosystem

Answer 8

All of the organisms ( the community) living in a particular habitat

Question 9

What is a food chain

Answer 9

A series of organisms which depend on each other for food (energy)

Question 10

What dose the arrow represents in the food chain

Answer 10

The direction of the flow of energy

Question 11

What is a producer

Answer 11

A plant ( normally green) that uses the light from the sun to make there own food by photosynthesis

Question 12

What is a consumer

Answer 12

Is a organism that doesn’t make there own food via photosynthesis

Question 13

What is a herbivore

Answer 13

Only eats plants

Question 14

What is an omnivore

Answer 14

Eats both plant and animals

Question 15

What is a carnivore

Answer 15

Only eats meat

Question 16

What is a niche

Answer 16

The role an organism plays in its community

Question 17

What is IntrAspecific competition

Answer 17

Is the competition for resources between the sAme species

Question 18

Give an example of interAspecific competition

Answer 18

2 robins competing for territory

2 beech trees competing for light

Question 19

What is intErspecific competition

Answer 19

It is competition for resources between members of diffEnt species

Question 20

Give an example of intErspecific competition

Answer 20

A pidgeon and a seagull competing for food

Question 21

What do animals compete for

Answer 21

Food habitats and water

Question 22

What do plants compete for

Answer 22

Minerals water light

Question 23

What are the 3 factors that biodiversity depends on

Answer 23

Biotic
Abiotic
Human influences

Question 24

What are biotic factors affecting biodiversity

Answer 24

Factors related to living organisms in the habitat such as grazing and predation

Question 25

What are abiotic factors affecting biodiversity

Answer 25

Non-living parts of the habitat such as ph and temperature

Question 26

What are human influences affecting biodiversity

Answer 26

Things that humans do that affect biodiversity such as pollution of air and water , deforestation,desertification,over hunting and over fishing

Question 27

What are abiotic factors and the sampling techniques used to measure them

Answer 27

PH- ph meter
Light intensity- light meter
Soil moisture- moisture meter
Temperature- thermometer

Question 28

How are the biotic factors measured

Answer 28

Quadrats

Pitfall traps

Question 29

What are indicator species

Answer 29

Indicator species provide us information about the levels of pollution in their environment By their presence or absence in that environment

Question 30

Give examples of an indicator species

Answer 30

Lichen- this grows on trees in areas where there is not much air pollution the more “fluffy “ lichen grow in areas of least air pollution

Stonefly nymph only live in water with no pollution where as the sludge worm lives in polluted water

Question 31

What is photosynthesis

Answer 31

A process carried out by all green plants that results in the production of food

Question 32

What happens in the light reactions of photosynthesis

Answer 32

Light energy it’s trapped by the chlorophyll in the chloroplast of cells.
Light energy is used to split water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen
Energy is released in this process and is used to produce ATP from ADP and phosphate
Oxygen is released as a by product and Hydrogen and ATP are needed for the next stage

Question 33

What is the by product of light reactions in photosynthesis

Answer 33

Oxygen

Question 34

What happens during carbon fixation

Answer 34

Carbon is reduced using hydrogen and ATP from the light reactions to produce sugar

Question 35

The sugar that is produced in carbon fixation in photosynthesis has 3 uses what are they

Answer 35

Respiration ( to make energy)
Some is stored as starch
To make the structural carbohydrate cellulose

Question 36

What are the 3 limiting factors that affect the rate of photosynthesis

Answer 36

Carbon dioxide concentration

Light intensity

Temperature

Question 37

What are the main ways an animals energy is used

Answer 37

Keeping itself warm ( heat energy)
Movement ( kinetic energy)
Building it’s tissues ( potential energy in bones , muscles etc)

Question 38

What percentage of energy is passed on in the food chain

Answer 38

10%

Question 39

What dose a pyramid of numbers give you

Answer 39

Information about the total number of organisms in each level of the food chain

Question 40

What dose the pyramid of energy give you

Answer 40

Information about the energy content of all of the organisms in each level of the food chain

Question 41

What do fertilisers do

Answer 41

Provide the chemicals such as nitrates which increases crop yield

Question 42

What do pesticides do

Answer 42

Plants and animals that reduce crop yield can be killed using pesticides

Question 43

What is the problem with chemical fertilisers

Answer 43

If the chemicals are washed from the fields ( if it rains ) they can get into waterways ( rivers and lochs ) this can lead to the formation of algal blooms